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Updated: Feb 16, 2026

Functional Assessment of the Donor Heart During Ex Situ Perfusion: Insights from Pressure-Volume Loops and Surface Echocardiography
Published on: October 11, 2022
Energetic performance analysis of staged palliative surgery in tricuspid atresia using vector flow mapping
Mao Kinoshita1, Koichi Akiyama2, Keiichi Itatani3
1Department of Anesthesiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii Cho, Hirokoji Agaru, Kawaramachi Street, Kamigyo Ward, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture, 602-8566, Japan.
Background:
Staged palliative surgery markedly shifts the balance of volume load on a single ventricle and pulmonary vascular bed. Blalock-Taussig shunt necessitates a single ventricle eject blood to both the systemic and pulmonary circulation. On the contrary, bidirectional cavopulmonary shunt release the single ventricle from pulmonary circulation.
Case Presentation:
We report a case of tricuspid atresia patient who underwent first palliative surgery and second palliative surgery. Volume loading condition was assessed by energetic parameters (energy loss, kinetic energy) intraoperatively using vector flow mapping. These energetic parameters can simply indicate the volume loading condition.
Conclusion:
Vector flow mapping was useful tool for monitoring volume loading condition in congenital heart disease surgery.
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