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Implications of segment mismatch for influenza A virus evolution.
Maria C White1, Anice C Lowen1
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
The Journal of General Virology
|December 16, 2017
Summary
Influenza A virus (IAV) evolution is shaped by segment mismatch, where incompatible gene segments from co-infecting viruses reduce progeny fitness. Understanding these genetic constraints is key to IAV diversity and reassortment.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Evolutionary Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Influenza A virus (IAV) possesses a segmented RNA genome, facilitating rapid evolution through mutation and reassortment.
- Genetic diversity in IAV arises from both processes, but is constrained by deleterious mutations and genetic incompatibilities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize current knowledge on segment mismatch in IAV.
- To discuss the mechanisms and implications of segment mismatch for IAV reassortment and diversity.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on IAV genetic interactions.
- Analysis of RNA- and protein-based incompatibilities between co-infecting IAV strains.
Main Results:
- Segment mismatch, involving incompatible viral gene segments, leads to fitness defects in progeny viruses.
- This phenomenon significantly influences the outcomes of mixed IAV infections.
Conclusions:
- Segment mismatch acts as a crucial constraint on IAV evolution, impacting reassortment and diversity.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complex mechanisms underlying segment mismatch.
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