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Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses
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Evolution, Shame, and Psychotherapy.

Richard Brockman1

  • 1Clinical Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons.

Psychodynamic Psychiatry
|December 16, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Shame, an evolutionary response to social exclusion, involves chronic pain linked to homeostasis disruption. This primitive emotion can drive extreme behaviors, as seen in Medea's infanticide.

Keywords:
cingulatehomeostasisinsularpainshame

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Medea's infanticide serves as a case study for understanding extreme emotional responses.
  • Shame is explored as a potential explanatory framework for such drastic actions.

Observation:

  • Shame is characterized as an evolutionarily preserved affective response to losing one's social standing.
  • This response is neurologically linked to chronic pain pathways in the insular and cingulate cortices, not acute pain.
  • Shame is associated with disruptions in homeostatic regulation.

Findings:

  • Shame represents a fall in self-esteem and a crisis of homeostasis.
  • This homeostatic crisis can precipitate extreme, even violent, attempts to restore balance.
  • The neurobiology of shame involves the brain's chronic pain and homeostatic regulation systems.

Implications:

  • Understanding shame's neurobiological underpinnings can offer insights into extreme behaviors.
  • This perspective may inform therapeutic approaches for individuals experiencing profound social loss and shame.
  • The study highlights the deep evolutionary roots of social emotions and their impact on behavior.