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Pit Bull attack causing limb threatening vascular trauma -A case series.

Patrick Harnarayan1, Shariful Islam1, Christi Ramsingh1

  • 1Vascular Unit, Department of General Surgery, San Fernando Teaching Hospital, Independence Avenue, Paradise Pasture, San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago; Department of Clinical Surgical Sciences, University of West Indies, St Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.

International Journal of Surgery Case Reports
|December 16, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Severe dog bites, particularly from Pit Bull Terriers, can cause critical limb injuries. Prompt surgical intervention is crucial to salvage limbs and prevent devastating outcomes in these complex canine attack cases.

Keywords:
Canine (Pit Bull) attackVascular injury

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Area of Science:

  • Traumatology
  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Surgical Repair

Background:

  • Non-fatal dog bites are common, often causing soft tissue injuries.
  • Severe attacks can lead to life-threatening head/neck trauma, extensive soft tissue damage, and limb-threatening orthopedic/vascular injuries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present two cases of severe axillary vascular injury from Pit Bull Terrier attacks.
  • To highlight the critical need for urgent surgical exploration in cases of limb ischemia following dog bites.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of two adult patients with axillary vascular injuries from Pit Bull Terrier bites.
  • Surgical repair of crushed axillary artery and lacerated axillary vein.
  • Wound debridement and limb salvage procedures.

Main Results:

  • Both patients presented with limb ischemia and loss of upper limb pulses due to axillary artery injury.
  • Successful surgical repair of vascular structures and debridement allowed for limb salvage in both cases.
  • Pit Bull Terrier attacks pose a significant risk for severe morbidity, including limb loss.

Conclusions:

  • Limb injuries from canine attacks, especially those with absent pulses, require immediate surgical exploration to prevent irreversible damage.
  • Complex neurovascular injuries necessitate a multidisciplinary team approach for optimal patient outcomes.
  • Responsible dog ownership and breed-specific legislation may help mitigate severe outcomes from canine attacks.