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Recent advances on uric acid transporters
Liuqing Xu1, Yingfeng Shi1, Shougang Zhuang1,2
1Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.
Oncotarget
|December 17, 2017
Summary
High uric acid levels (hyperuricemia) are linked to various diseases. Understanding uric acid transporters offers new strategies for treating conditions like gout and kidney disease.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Metabolic Disorders
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Hyperuricemia, elevated uric acid levels, is associated with kidney disease, cardiovascular issues, and diabetes.
- Urate transporters, crucial for regulating serum uric acid, are implicated in hyperuricemia development.
- Dysfunctional urate transporters can lead to impaired uric acid reabsorption and secretion.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the physiological roles of urate reabsorption and excretion transporters.
- To highlight recent advancements in understanding the involvement of urate transporters in hyperuricemia.
- To explore the therapeutic potential of targeting urate transporters for associated diseases.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of physiological and pathological roles of urate transporters.
- Synthesis of recent research on urate transporter expression and function.
- Analysis of epidemiological data linking hyperuricemia and transporter dysfunction.
Main Results:
- Uric acid transporters are categorized into reabsorption (URAT1, OAT4, GLUT9) and excretion (OAT1, OAT3, UAT, MRP4, ABCG-2, NaPi-2e) types.
- Kidney transporters regulate urate levels by balancing reabsorption and secretion.
- Altered transporter expression and function are directly linked to hyperuricemia.
Conclusions:
- Urate transporters play a critical role in maintaining serum uric acid homeostasis.
- Targeting specific urate transporters presents a promising therapeutic avenue for hyperuricemia and related disorders.
- Further research into urate transporter function can lead to novel treatments for gout, CKD, and cardiovascular diseases.
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