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Investigating population continuity with ancient DNA under a spatially explicit simulation framework.

Nuno Miguel Silva1, Jeremy Rio1, Mathias Currat2,3

  • 1AGP lab, Department of Genetics & Evolution - Anthropology Unit, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.

BMC Genetics
|December 17, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Investigating ancient DNA (aDNA) continuity requires spatially explicit models. This new method reveals regional differences in population migration over the last 7500 years, particularly in Germany.

Keywords:
Ancient DNAEuropean NeolithicPopulation continuityPopulation geneticsSerial coalescentSpatially-explicit simulations

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Area of Science:

  • Population genetics
  • Ancient DNA analysis
  • Computational modeling

Background:

  • Advances in ancient DNA (aDNA) sequencing offer genetic insights into past human populations.
  • Comparing ancient samples from the same region over time can reveal population continuity or replacement.
  • Existing methods often overlook geographical location and spatiotemporal population dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel coalescent-based, spatially explicit modeling approach for investigating population continuity using aDNA.
  • To incorporate population structure and migration into the analysis of ancient genetic data.
  • To account for temporal and geographical variance in aDNA samples.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a spatially explicit, coalescent-based modeling approach.
  • Included population structure and migration dynamics.
  • Applied the method to mitochondrial DNA datasets from Neolithic Germany and France.

Main Results:

  • The spatially explicit approach is more conservative and suitable for isolated populations compared to panmictic methods.
  • Population continuity for the maternal line was rejected in Germany over the last 7500 years.
  • Population continuity was not rejected for the French dataset, indicating regional heterogeneity in migratory processes.

Conclusions:

  • Spatially explicit methods improve the investigation of aDNA population continuity by considering spatiotemporal dynamics and sample locations.
  • The method enhances upon panmictic approaches and can analyze various sample types (ancient-ancient, ancient-modern).
  • This approach is a valuable tool for analyzing diverse aDNA datasets across species.