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Temporal distribution of suicide mortality: A systematic review
Pauliana Valéria Machado Galvão1, Hugo Rafael Souza E Silva2, Cosme Marcelo Furtado Passos da Silva1
1Department of Epidemiology and Quantitative Methods in Health, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Brazil.
Journal of Affective Disorders
|December 17, 2017
Summary
Suicide patterns vary significantly over time, influenced by factors like day, month, and season. Understanding these temporal trends is crucial for developing effective suicide prevention strategies worldwide.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Suicide represents a global public health crisis and a leading cause of premature mortality.
- Analyzing temporal suicide patterns can enhance understanding of contributing factors and inform prevention efforts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and identify temporal patterns in suicide rates.
- To synthesize existing research on the time-related distribution of suicide globally.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review of observational epidemiological studies was conducted.
- Searches were performed across major databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science.
- Studies focusing on the temporal distribution of suicide were included.
Main Results:
- Forty-five studies from 26 countries were analyzed.
- Significant seasonal patterns were identified across various temporal scales (day of week, month, season).
- Age-period-cohort effects were also observed, though trends over time of day or month were less studied.
Conclusions:
- The study confirms substantial temporal patterns in suicide.
- These patterns are demonstrably influenced by geographic, climatic, and socio-cultural conditions.
- Further research into specific temporal factors could refine suicide prevention strategies.
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