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Methods to Test Visual Attention Online

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Published on: February 19, 2015

Examining a novel performance validity task for the detection of feigned attentional problems.

Leslie C Morey¹

¹a Department of Psychology , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas , USA.

Applied Neuropsychology. Adult

|December 19, 2017

Summary

College students faking Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) were identified using the Tests of Attentional Distraction (TOAD). This performance validity measure, along with symptom validity indicators, effectively detected invalid ADHD symptom reporting.

Keywords:

Attention Deficit Disorder feigning performance validity symptom validity

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychology
Educational Psychology

Background:

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) significantly impacts college students' academic performance.
High-stakes ADHD evaluations increase the risk of symptom exaggeration or feigning.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the efficacy of the Tests of Attentional Distraction (TOAD) as a performance validity measure for ADHD evaluations in college students.
To assess the TOAD's ability to differentiate between genuine ADHD, simulated ADHD, and control participants.

Main Methods:

A computer-based continuous performance task, the TOAD, was administered to college students feigning ADHD, diagnosed with ADHD, and control participants.
Symptom validity indicators from the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) were also used.
Comparative analyses were conducted between groups.

Main Results:

The TOAD demonstrated moderate to large effect sizes in differentiating simulators from both ADHD and control groups.
PAI indicators also showed significant differences between the feigning group and controls.
Both TOAD and PAI measures independently contributed to detecting invalid responding.

Conclusions:

The TOAD is a promising tool for assessing performance validity in college students undergoing ADHD evaluations.
Combining the TOAD with other validity measures enhances the detection of feigned ADHD symptoms.
These findings support the use of objective performance measures to ensure diagnostic integrity.