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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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RNA Pull-down Procedure to Identify RNA Targets of a Long Non-coding RNA
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Progress in long non-coding RNAs in animals.

Chang Lu1, Yin-Hua Huang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.

Yi Chuan = Hereditas
|December 20, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate gene expression and biological processes. Emerging research reveals lncRNAs can produce small peptides, offering new insights into gene regulation and cellular functions.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • RNA Biology

Background:

  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts >200 nucleotides involved in crucial biological processes.
  • lncRNAs play roles in embryogenesis, muscle development, lipid deposition, and immune responses.
  • They assist protein complex translocation and regulate gene activation/inactivation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the characteristics, databases, and functions of lncRNAs.
  • To summarize novel molecular regulatory models involving lncRNA-encoded peptides.
  • To highlight future research directions in lncRNA biology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent advancements in lncRNA research.
  • Analysis of data from human genome and ENCODE projects.
  • Examination of specific lncRNA examples like DWORF and SPAR.

Main Results:

  • lncRNAs are extensively distributed in animal and plant genomes.
  • lncRNAs can regulate biological processes through their small peptide products.
  • Examples include DWORF activating the SERCA pump and SPAR regulating muscle regeneration.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNA research is rapidly advancing due to new technologies.
  • A novel regulatory model involves lncRNAs producing functional peptides.
  • Future research will focus on understanding these peptide-based regulatory mechanisms.