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Left ventricular hypertrophy among chronic kidney disease patients in Ghana

Yaw Ampem Amoako1, Dennis Odai Laryea2, George Bedu-Addo1,3

  • 1Renal Medicine and Dialysis Unit, Department of Medicine, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.

The Pan African Medical Journal
|December 20, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is common in Ghanaian Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients. High blood pressure, increased BMI, and male gender are key associated factors, highlighting the need for early detection and intervention.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a known predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients.
  • Limited data exists on the prevalence and associated factors of LVH within the Ghanaian CKD population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of LVH in Ghanaian CKD patients.
  • To identify clinical factors associated with the presence of LVH in this cohort.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Ghana.
  • Data on clinical features of CKD was collected via questionnaire.
  • Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the MDRD-4 equation.
  • Electrocardiographic LVH and associated factors were assessed.

Main Results:

  • The study included 203 participants, with 64.5% males, mean age 43.9 years; 79.8% had stage 5 CKD.
  • Approximately 43% of participants presented with LVH.
  • Significant associations with LVH included high systolic pressure (OR 4.9), high diastolic pressure (OR 8.1), increased pulse pressure (OR 3.4), elevated BMI (OR 3.6), and male gender (OR 4.7).
  • eGFR showed a negative correlation with LVH.

Conclusions:

  • LVH is highly prevalent in this Ghanaian CKD cohort.
  • Hypertension (high pulse pressure, high DBP), increased BMI, and male gender are significant risk factors for LVH.
  • Early detection, intervention, and management of hypertension are crucial for preventing or regressing LVH in CKD patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
GhanaLeft ventricular hypertrophychronic kidney diseaseprevalencesokolow-lyon criteria

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