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Epigenetic Changes Induced by Green Tea Catechins a re Associated with Prostate Cancer

A Giudice1, M Montella1, M Boccellino2

  • 1Epidemiology Unit, National Cancer Institute of Naples "G. Pascale Foundation", IRCCS, 80131 Naples, Italy.

Current Molecular Medicine
|December 20, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Green tea catechins, like EGCG, show promise in treating prostate cancer by reversing epigenetic changes and modulating miRNA expression. These natural compounds may enhance chemotherapy effectiveness and reduce side effects.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Prostate cancer, particularly castrate-resistant (CRPC), presents significant treatment challenges.
  • Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs (miRNAs), are crucial in prostate cancer development and progression.
  • miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression, impacting cancer pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of green tea catechins in modulating epigenetic alterations and miRNA expression in prostate cancer.
  • To explore the potential of green tea catechins, such as epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), as chemopreventive and therapeutic agents.
  • To summarize evidence on the synergistic effects of green tea polyphenols (GTPs) with conventional chemotherapeutics.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on green tea catechins, epigenetics, and prostate cancer.
  • Analysis of research investigating EGCG's effects on DNA methylation, histone modifications, and miRNA expression.
  • Examination of studies on the combined use of GTPs and chemotherapeutic agents.

Main Results:

  • Green tea catechins, particularly EGCG, demonstrate epigenetic modulatory effects, including influencing DNA methylation and histone modifications.
  • EGCG impacts miRNA expression and targets messenger RNAs (mRNAs), contributing to the inhibition of prostate cancer cell growth.
  • Green tea polyphenols exhibit synergistic effects when combined with standard cancer chemotherapeutics, potentially reducing toxicity.

Conclusions:

  • Green tea catechins represent a promising natural strategy for prostate cancer chemoprevention and therapy due to their epigenetic and miRNA-modulating activities.
  • Combining green tea catechins with existing chemotherapeutics may enhance treatment efficacy while mitigating adverse side effects.
  • Further research into EGCG and other GTPs could lead to novel therapeutic combinations for managing prostate cancer, especially CRPC.
Keywords:
Prostate cancercatechinsepigenetic alterations.miRNAspolyphenols

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