Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 16, 2026
10:22
Isolation of Viral Replication Compartment-enriched Sub-nuclear Fractions from Adenovirus-infected Normal Human Cells
Published on: November 12, 2015
9.2K
The Influence of E1A C-Terminus on Adenovirus Replicative Cycle
Leandro Crisostomo1, Andrea Michelle Soriano2, Jasmine Rae Frost3
1Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, 45 Chancellor's Circle, Buller Building Room 427, Winnipeg MB R3T 2N2, Canada. umcrisol@myumanitoba.ca.
Viruses
|December 20, 2017
Summary
The Adenovirus Early 1A (E1A) protein
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Molecular Biology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Adenovirus Early 1A (E1A) proteins are essential for initiating the viral life cycle.
- The E1A gene's second exon encodes a region crucial for various viral processes.
- Understanding E1A's C-terminus function is key to viral replication.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of specific regions within the second exon of Adenovirus 5 E1A.
- To evaluate the impact of E1A C-terminal deletions on viral replication and host cell manipulation.
- To elucidate the contribution of E1A's C-terminus to the replicative fitness of human adenovirus 5.
Main Methods:
- Construction and analysis of deletion mutants of the Adenovirus 5 E1A gene.
- Assessment of viral growth, gene expression, and genome replication.
- Evaluation of cell cycle deregulation and induction of cellular DNA synthesis.
Main Results:
- The second exon of E1A is vital for overall virus growth, gene expression, and replication.
- Efficient viral replication requires exon 2 and the nuclear localization signal.
- Deletions in the E1A C-terminus, even outside conserved region 4, impair cellular DNA synthesis induction.
Conclusions:
- The second exon and C-terminus of Adenovirus E1A are critical for viral replication and host cell interaction.
- Specific regions within the E1A C-terminus are essential for inducing cellular DNA synthesis.
- This study offers comprehensive insights into the E1A C-terminus's role in adenovirus 5 replicative fitness.
Related Concept Videos
02:28Leaky Scanning
5.7K
During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA. Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
5.7K
01:10Retrovirus Life Cycles
49.8K
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
49.8K
01:20Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle
1.8K
Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria. Among them, T-even bacteriophages, such as T4, exhibit a well-characterized lytic replication cycle in Escherichia coli (E. coli). This process ensures the rapid proliferation of the virus while ultimately leading to the destruction of the bacterial host.Attachment and DNA InjectionThe infection process begins with the recognition and binding of the T4 phage to the E. coli cell surface. Tail fibers of the phage...
1.8K
00:36Viral Mutations
40.0K
A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
40.0K
01:51Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers
7.0K
Retroviruses are RNA viruses that have been shown to cause cancers in diverse species, including chickens, mice, cats, and monkeys. The RNA genomes of these viruses are first reverse-transcribed into single and then double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) copies. This dsDNA called proviral DNA then integrates into the host genome. Subsequently, the host cell transcribes the proviral DNA in concert with the chromosomal DNA. This leads to the production of viral RNA and proteins that assemble at the host...
7.0K
01:26Size and Structure of Viral Genomes
844
Viral genomes exhibit remarkable diversity in size, structure, and composition, influencing their replication strategies and interactions with host cells. These genomes consist of either DNA or RNA and may be linear or circular. Additionally, they can be single-stranded or double-stranded, with each configuration affecting how the virus propagates within a host. RNA viruses, for instance, generally have smaller genomes than DNA viruses, a factor that contributes to their high mutation rates and...
844