Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment01:22

Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment

994
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
994
Amyloid Fibrils03:03

Amyloid Fibrils

12.1K
Amyloid fibrils are aggregates of misfolded proteins.  Under most circumstances, misfolded proteins are either refolded by chaperone proteins or degraded by the proteasome. However, in the case of a mutation or a disease, these proteins can accumulate to form large clusters and often further assemble to form elongated fibers, called fibrils. 
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen.   In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining,...
12.1K
Amyloid Fibrils03:03

Amyloid Fibrils

6.5K
6.5K
Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview

1.8K
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
1.8K
Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis01:23

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis

8.1K
The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin...
8.1K
Drugs Affecting Neurotransmitter Synthesis01:29

Drugs Affecting Neurotransmitter Synthesis

2.3K
Drugs affecting neurotransmitter synthesis can impact the adrenergic neuron and the synthesis of neurotransmitters. For example, α-methyltyrosine and carbidopa target specific enzymes involved in catecholamine synthesis. α-methyltyrosine inhibits the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase, which converts tyrosine into dopamine. By blocking this enzyme, α-methyltyrosine reduces dopamine production and other catecholamines. Carbidopa, on the other hand, inhibits the enzyme dopa decarboxylase,...
2.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Inflammation reprograms fibro-adipogenic progenitors to sustain immunopathogenic niches in myositis.

Cell death & disease·2026
Same author

Autoantibodies to IL-1Ra and PGRN in severe COVID-19 are associated with inflammation-induced hyperphosphorylated antigen isoforms.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Multicentric prognostic observational study on biomarker profile in immunotherapy-naïve patients with highly active generalized myasthenia gravis (PROGNO-MG): a study protocol.

Neurological research and practice·2026
Same author

Myeloid dendritic cell subsets characterise muscle in patients with inclusion body myositis and correlate with the IFN-γ pathway and effector T cell markers.

Annals of the rheumatic diseases·2026
Same author

Acute vertigo and dizziness: the diagnostic potential of static posturography in the neurological emergency department.

Journal of neurology·2026
Same author

Brachio-cervical inflammatory myopathy: multilevel clinical, histopathological and multi-omic analyses of a syndrome variably associated with systemic sclerosis.

Acta neuropathologica·2026
Same journal

RETRACTED: Kim et al. The Angiogenesis Inhibitor ALS-L1023 from Lemon-Balm Leaves Attenuates High-Fat Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Through Regulating the Visceral Adipose-Tissue Function. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2017, <i>18</i>, 846.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same journal

Correction: Mahmud et al. Thymoquinone Attenuates NF-κβ Signalling Activation in Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells Under AMD-Mimicking Conditions. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2025, <i>26</i>, 11473.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same journal

Correction: Borovikov et al. The Twisting and Untwisting of Actin and Tropomyosin Filaments Are Involved in the Molecular Mechanisms of Muscle Contraction, and Their Disruption Can Result in Muscle Disorders. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci</i>. 2025, <i>26</i>, 6705.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same journal

Correction: Molagoda et al. Flavonoid Glycosides from <i>Ziziphus jujuba</i> var. <i>inermis</i> (Bunge) Rehder Seeds Inhibit α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone-Mediated Melanogenesis. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2021, <i>22</i>, 7701.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same journal

Correction: Guo et al. Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis Reveals the Molecular Regulatory Mechanism of Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Maize Roots Under Lead Stress. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2024, <i>25</i>, 6050.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same journal

Correction: Chang et al. Improvement of Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Acute Hepatic Failure by Transplantation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Without Reprogramming Factor c-Myc. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2012, <i>13</i>, 3598-3617.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 16, 2026

A11-positive &#946;-amyloid Oligomer Preparation and Assessment Using Dot Blotting Analysis
06:17

A11-positive β-amyloid Oligomer Preparation and Assessment Using Dot Blotting Analysis

Published on: May 22, 2018

12.6K

Vitamin D and Its Analogues Decrease Amyloid-β (Aβ) Formation and Increase Aβ-Degradation.

Marcus O W Grimm1,2,3, Andrea Thiel4, Anna A Lauer5

  • 1Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 1, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany. marcus.grimm@uks.eu.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|December 20, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vitamin D and its analogues may help prevent Alzheimer's disease (AD) by reducing amyloid-beta (Aβ) production and enhancing its clearance. This study investigated vitamin D's impact on AD-related mechanisms.

Keywords:
Aβ-degradationamyloid precursor proteinamyloid-βsecretasesvitamin Dvitamin D analogues

More Related Videos

Preparation of Oligomeric &#946;-amyloid1-42 and Induction of Synaptic Plasticity Impairment on Hippocampal Slices
04:41

Preparation of Oligomeric β-amyloid1-42 and Induction of Synaptic Plasticity Impairment on Hippocampal Slices

Published on: July 14, 2010

24.0K
Visualizing Axonal Growth Cone Collapse and Early Amyloid &#946; Effects in Cultured Mouse Neurons
06:23

Visualizing Axonal Growth Cone Collapse and Early Amyloid β Effects in Cultured Mouse Neurons

Published on: October 30, 2018

8.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 16, 2026

A11-positive &#946;-amyloid Oligomer Preparation and Assessment Using Dot Blotting Analysis
06:17

A11-positive β-amyloid Oligomer Preparation and Assessment Using Dot Blotting Analysis

Published on: May 22, 2018

12.6K
Preparation of Oligomeric &#946;-amyloid1-42 and Induction of Synaptic Plasticity Impairment on Hippocampal Slices
04:41

Preparation of Oligomeric β-amyloid1-42 and Induction of Synaptic Plasticity Impairment on Hippocampal Slices

Published on: July 14, 2010

24.0K
Visualizing Axonal Growth Cone Collapse and Early Amyloid &#946; Effects in Cultured Mouse Neurons
06:23

Visualizing Axonal Growth Cone Collapse and Early Amyloid β Effects in Cultured Mouse Neurons

Published on: October 30, 2018

8.5K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biochemistry
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) is linked to amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques.
  • Epidemiological studies suggest a correlation between low vitamin D levels and AD.
  • The precise mechanisms of vitamin D's influence on Aβ homeostasis and the effects of its analogues are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of vitamin D and its therapeutic analogues on AD-relevant mechanisms.
  • To explore the impact of vitamin D on amyloid-beta (Aβ) production and degradation pathways.
  • To elucidate the role of vitamin D in modulating key enzymes involved in Aβ metabolism.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic investigation of vitamin D and analogues (maxacalcitol, calcipotriol, alfacalcidol, paricalcitol, doxercalciferol).
  • Assay of Aβ production and degradation in neuroblastoma cells and mouse brains.
  • Analysis of BACE1 and γ-secretase activity, BACE1 protein levels, and nicastrin expression.

Main Results:

  • Vitamin D and its analogues reduced Aβ production and increased Aβ degradation.
  • These effects were mediated by influencing BACE1 and γ-secretase activity.
  • Reduced secretase activity correlated with decreased BACE1 protein and nicastrin levels, even in non-deficient mice.

Conclusions:

  • Vitamin D and its analogues demonstrate a potential to modulate key pathways in Alzheimer's disease.
  • Supplementation with vitamin D or its analogues may offer a preventative strategy for AD.
  • Further research into vitamin D's therapeutic potential for AD is warranted.