Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm01:19

Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm

9.8K
The normal cardiac rhythm is a synchronized electrical activity that facilitates the regular and coordinated contraction of the heart muscle. This process is essential for efficient blood circulation throughout the body. The fundamental elements involved in establishing and maintaining this rhythm include the unique electrical properties of cardiac muscle cells, the sinoatrial (SA) node's pacemaker function, the specialized conducting system, and the ionic mechanisms underlying each phase...
9.8K
Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias01:28

Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias

2.3K
Arrhythmias are irregular heart rhythms occurring when the heart's electrical impulses become abnormal. These disturbances can lead to various symptoms, depending on their severity and the underlying cause. Some common factors contributing to arrhythmias include hypoxia, ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, excessive catecholamine exposure, drug toxicity, and muscle overstretching. Arrhythmias can be classified into two main types based on the rate and site of origin of abnormal heart rhythms.
2.3K
Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance01:29

Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance

1.7K
Typical heart performance is influenced by heart rate, rhythm, myocardial contraction, and metabolism or blood flow. The cardiac muscle exhibits distinct electrophysiological features, including pacemaker activity and calcium channel control, which play a vital role in the heart's response to various drugs. The autonomic nervous system, comprising the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches, regulates heart rate. Sympathetic activation increases heart rate, while parasympathetic activation...
1.7K
Cardiac Action Potential01:30

Cardiac Action Potential

7.0K
Cardiac action potentials are essential for proper heart function, enabling the rhythmic contractions needed for adequate blood circulation. Nodal cells and Purkinje fibers, specialized for electrical conduction, generate these action potentials.
The cardiac action potential process involves a series of phases characterized by the movement of ions across the cardiac cell membranes, leading to the depolarization and repolarization of the cardiac myocytes.
Ionic Basis of Cardiac Action Potentials
7.0K
Structure of Cardiac Muscles01:13

Structure of Cardiac Muscles

17.5K
Cardiac muscle, or myocardium, is a specialized type of muscle found exclusively in the heart. Its unique structural and functional characteristics enable the heart to perform its vital role of pumping blood throughout the body continuously and rhythmically. The cardiac muscle cells, or cardiomyocytes, possess an endomysium and perimysium but do not have an epimysium.
Compared to skeletal muscles, cardiac muscle cells are small and mostly have a single nucleus. Additionally, they are usually...
17.5K
Conduction System of the Heart01:20

Conduction System of the Heart

4.1K
The cardiac conduction system produces and transmits electrical impulses that prompt myocardial contraction, ensuring efficient heart function. This intricate system ensures that the heart beats in a coordinated and efficient manner, beginning with the atria and then the ventricles. The conduction system optimizes cardiac output by maintaining this precise sequence, which is crucial for adequate blood circulation.
This system relies on the unique properties of nodal and Purkinje cells:...
4.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Carbocisteine or Hypertonic Saline for Acute Respiratory Failure.

The New England journal of medicine·2026
Same author

Role for TREK-1 as a polymodal sensor and regulator of cell activity.

Channels (Austin, Tex.)·2026
Same author

JNK2 Is a Stress Integrator Driving Atrial Fibrillation Pathogenesis in Aging via Gut-Heart Crosstalk.

Circulation·2026
Same author

Selectivity Filter Mutation in Na<sub>V</sub>1.5 Promotes Ventricular Tachycardia.

JACC. Clinical electrophysiology·2026
Same author

Omphalitis-associated neonatal liver abscess through a patent umbilical vein: Case report and literature review.

Tropical doctor·2026
Same author

Exploring CSF microRNA signatures as diagnostic biomarkers in adult-type diffuse gliomas.

Non-coding RNA research·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 16, 2026

Scanning Electron Microscopy of Macerated Tissue to Visualize the Extracellular Matrix
10:21

Scanning Electron Microscopy of Macerated Tissue to Visualize the Extracellular Matrix

Published on: June 14, 2016

10.7K

Spectrin-based pathways underlying electrical and mechanical dysfunction in cardiac disease.

Sathya D Unudurthi1,2, Amara Greer-Short1,2, Nehal Patel1,2

  • 1a The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center , The Ohio State University , Columbus , OH , USA.

Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy
|December 20, 2017
PubMed
Summary

The spectrin cytoskeleton plays a crucial role in cardiac cells, acting as a signaling pathway that influences cellular responses to stress. Understanding its function is key to developing new therapies for heart disease.

Keywords:
Ankyrinarrhythmia (mechanisms)calmodulin dependent kinase IIheart failureion channelsspectrin

More Related Videos

Analysis of Tubular Membrane Networks in Cardiac Myocytes from Atria and Ventricles
10:30

Analysis of Tubular Membrane Networks in Cardiac Myocytes from Atria and Ventricles

Published on: October 15, 2014

21.1K
In Vitro Assessment of Cardiac Function Using Skinned Cardiomyocytes
08:19

In Vitro Assessment of Cardiac Function Using Skinned Cardiomyocytes

Published on: June 22, 2020

7.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 16, 2026

Scanning Electron Microscopy of Macerated Tissue to Visualize the Extracellular Matrix
10:21

Scanning Electron Microscopy of Macerated Tissue to Visualize the Extracellular Matrix

Published on: June 14, 2016

10.7K
Analysis of Tubular Membrane Networks in Cardiac Myocytes from Atria and Ventricles
10:30

Analysis of Tubular Membrane Networks in Cardiac Myocytes from Atria and Ventricles

Published on: October 15, 2014

21.1K
In Vitro Assessment of Cardiac Function Using Skinned Cardiomyocytes
08:19

In Vitro Assessment of Cardiac Function Using Skinned Cardiomyocytes

Published on: June 22, 2020

7.2K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Cellular Signaling
  • Cytoskeletal Dynamics

Background:

  • Cardiac cells sense and respond to mechanical and inflammatory stress via complex signaling pathways.
  • These pathways involve membrane receptors and intracellular cascades that regulate cellular functions like growth and survival.
  • The actin/spectrin cytoskeleton is increasingly recognized for its role beyond structural support, acting as a critical signaling hub.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the emerging roles of the spectrin cytoskeleton in cardiac myocytes.
  • To discuss the implications of spectrin's function in heart disease.
  • To identify unanswered questions regarding spectrin's role in cardiac signaling.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent research on spectrin and cardiac cell signaling.
  • Analysis of the cytoskeleton's role in transducing extracellular cues.
  • Discussion of spectrin's involvement in stress response pathways.

Main Results:

  • The actin/spectrin cytoskeleton is vital for transmitting signals from the cell membrane to internal organelles.
  • Cytoskeletal integrity is essential for the proper functioning of stress-response signaling pathways.
  • Spectrin's roles extend to regulating cell excitability, growth, and survival.

Conclusions:

  • Spectrin is a key component in cardiac signaling, linking environmental cues to cellular reprogramming.
  • Disruptions in the spectrin cytoskeleton may contribute to the development of heart disease.
  • Further research into spectrin's functions could lead to novel therapeutic strategies for cardiac conditions.