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People facing infertility explore diverse reproductive strategies, including assisted technologies and adoption, navigating complex negotiations and losses to build families globally. This research addresses gaps concerning men, non-elites, and reproductive loss.

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Area of Science:

  • Anthropology of Reproduction
  • Sociology of Family Formation
  • Reproductive Health Studies

Background:

  • Growing recognition of diverse family-building pathways beyond "natural" parenthood.
  • Identified global literature gaps concerning male infertility experiences, non-elite perspectives, and reproductive loss.
  • Need for research exploring reproductive negotiations and losses across varied cultural and socioeconomic contexts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine how individuals facing difficulties with natural conception form families.
  • To analyze experiences of reproductive negotiations, disappointments, and losses.
  • To address research deficits regarding men, non-elites, and reproductive loss in global contexts.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-cultural comparative analysis of studies from Ghana, Indonesia, Romania, Spain, UK, and US.
  • Exploration of both high-tech (assisted reproductive technologies, third-party donation, surrogacy) and no-tech (adoption) strategies.
  • Qualitative examination of how individuals ascribe meaning to reproductive disappointments.

Main Results:

  • People utilize a wide array of reproductive strategies, both technological and non-technological, to form families.
  • Lived experiences of reproductive disappointments (infertility, miscarriage, stillbirth, neonatal death, failed adoption) are deeply meaningful.
  • Family-making practices are complex, dynamic, embedded in local/transnational contexts, and influenced by power relations.

Conclusions:

  • The anthropology of reproduction is enriched by understanding the sociality of desires and disappointments.
  • Key themes include gender, sexuality, masculinities, migration, belonging, kinship, reproductive stratification, and relationality.
  • Reproductive opportunities and family formation are shaped by intricate social, cultural, and power dynamics.