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Mapping QTLs for grain yield components in wheat under heat stress
Nabin Bhusal1, Ashok Kumar Sarial2, Pradeep Sharma3
1Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India.
Plos One
|December 21, 2017
Summary
Identifying quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for heat tolerance in wheat is crucial for global food security. This study mapped 24 QTLs, including a novel hot-spot region on chromosome 2A, to enhance wheat
Area of Science:
- Genetics and Plant Breeding
- Agronomy
- Climate Change Adaptation
Background:
- Rising global temperatures pose a significant threat to wheat production, necessitating strategies to improve heat tolerance.
- Heat stress negatively impacts grain yield and its components in wheat.
- Understanding the genetic basis of heat tolerance is vital for developing resilient wheat varieties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with heat tolerance in wheat.
- To evaluate wheat recombinant inbred lines under normal and heat stress conditions.
- To map QTLs for grain yield and its components under varying environmental conditions.
Main Methods:
- Evaluation of 251 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) across two crop seasons under timely-sown (normal) and late-sown (heat stress) conditions.
- Phenotypic data collection for grain yield and its components, including grain weight/spike (GWS), grain number/spike (GNS), thousand grain weight (TGW), grain filling rate (GFR), and grain filling duration (GFD).
- Composite interval mapping was employed to identify QTLs associated with heat susceptibility index (HSI) and trait performance.
Main Results:
- A total of 24 QTLs were identified on linkage groups 2A, 2B, and 6D for timely-sown, late-sown, and HSI traits.
- Chromosome 2A harbored the maximum number of QTLs, with a significant cluster of 15 QTLs within a specific marker interval (gwm448-wmc296).
- Three consistent QTLs (for GWS and GNS) were detected across all environments in this hot-spot region on chromosome 2A, a region previously unreported for heat stress QTLs.
Conclusions:
- A novel QTL hot-spot region on chromosome 2A has been identified, showing significant association with heat tolerance in wheat.
- This identified region, containing consistent QTLs for grain yield components, holds potential for marker-assisted breeding to enhance wheat's resilience to heat stress.
- Further validation of these QTLs is recommended for their effective utilization in breeding programs aimed at improving wheat heat tolerance.
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