Skin accelerometer displacement and relative bone movement of adjacent vertebrae in response to chiropractic...

The authors studied relative bone movements in response to manipulative light taps to the spine. Piezoelectric accelerometers attached to bone of an anesthetized dog measured transverse, X-Z plane, movements of L2-L3 adjacent vertebrae while percussion thrusts of an instrument used for manipulation made inputs three vertebrae above and five vertebrae below the L2-L3 joint interface. Small, relative 1-mm translations and 0.5 degree rotations occurred during the first 19 msec. When one set of accelerometers were stabilized on the skin surface, half of the skin-bone translation maxima erred less than 2%. However, skin translations averaged 77% (SD = 2%) of bone translations and skin rotations averaged 95% (SD = 26%) of bone rotations. The results suggest the possibility that, with further development, piezoelectric accelerometers can be a noninvasive tool to study dynamic, relative, bone movement.