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Helicobacter pylori Blood Biomarkers and Gastric Cancer Survival in China

Matthew G Varga1,2, Tianyi Wang3,4, Hui Cai3

  • 1Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee. matthew.varga@med.unc.edu.

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention : a Publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, Cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology
|December 22, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a major risk for gastric cancer, but this study found no link between H. pylori antibody levels before diagnosis and patient survival in East Asian populations.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology
  • Cancer Prognostics

Background:

  • Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the primary risk factor for noncardia gastric cancer.
  • The impact of H. pylori on gastric cancer prognosis and patient survival remains largely uncharacterized.
  • Understanding H. pylori's role in survival is crucial for addressing high gastric cancer mortality rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between prediagnostic H. pylori antigen seropositivity and gastric cancer-specific survival.
  • To determine if H. pylori infection status influences the prognosis of gastric cancer in East Asian populations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized multiplex assays to assess seropositivity to 15 H. pylori antigens in two large prospective cohorts (Shanghai Men's Health Study and Shanghai Women's Health Study).
  • Employed multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression to analyze the relationship between prediagnostic H. pylori antibody levels and gastric cancer survival.
  • Examined associations using a 6-antigen panel, CagA+ H. pylori markers, and dual Omp/HP 0305 seropositivity.

Main Results:

  • Prediagnostic H. pylori antibody levels, previously linked to gastric cancer incidence, showed no significant association with gastric cancer-specific survival in either men or women.
  • Specific analyses focusing on CagA+ H. pylori and high-risk biomarkers (dual Omp and HP 0305 seropositivity) also revealed no significant impact on survival.
  • Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) indicated no clear trend for increased or decreased survival based on H. pylori serological markers.

Conclusions:

  • Prediagnostic levels of H. pylori antigen antibodies are not associated with gastric cancer survival in the studied East Asian populations.
  • The findings suggest that H. pylori's influence on gastric cancer may be primarily related to incidence rather than prognosis.
  • Further research is needed to identify other factors contributing to the high mortality associated with gastric cancer.

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