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The changing profile of hypercalcemia in a tertiary care setting in North India: an 18-month retrospective study

Mohammad Shafi Kuchay1, Parjeet Kaur1, Sunil Kumar Mishra1

  • 1Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Medanta-The Medicity, Sector 38, Gurgaon, Haryana, India.

Clinical Cases in Mineral and Bone Metabolism : the Official Journal of the Italian Society of Osteoporosis, Mineral Metabolism, and Skeletal Diseases
|December 22, 2017
PubMed

Insights

This study analyzed hypercalcemia profiles in Indian hospital patients. Malignancy and primary hyperparathyroidism were common causes, with emerging trends in liver disease and vitamin D toxicity.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Clinical Biochemistry

Background:

  • Hypercalcemia is a common electrolyte imbalance encountered in clinical practice.
  • Understanding the etiological profile of hypercalcemia is crucial for effective patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the etiological profile of hypercalcemia in patients presenting to a tertiary care hospital in North India.
  • To identify trends and less common causes of hypercalcemia.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of patient data from January 2014 to June 2015.
  • Inclusion of patients with measured calcium levels and diagnosed hypercalcemia.
  • Categorization of hypercalcemia into transient and sustained forms.

Main Results:

  • The incidence of hypercalcemia was 2.09% (2.04% sustained, 0.05% transient).
  • Sustained hypercalcemia causes included malignancy (23.1%) and primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT, 21.9%).
  • Unusual causes identified were hypercalcemia of advanced chronic liver disease (n=34) and vitamin D toxicosis (n=21).

Conclusions:

  • Malignancy and PHPT remain leading causes of sustained hypercalcemia.
  • Emerging trends of hypercalcemia associated with chronic liver disease and vitamin D toxicity require clinical attention.
  • Awareness of evolving hypercalcemia patterns is essential for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Keywords:
chronic liver diseasegranulomatous diseasehypercalcemiahypervitaminosis Dmalignancythyrotoxicosisvitamin D toxicosis

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