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Updated: Feb 16, 2026

Surgical Treatment for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate HoLEP.
Published on: March 6, 2018
An update on transurethral surgery for benign prostatic obstruction.
Jonathan Shunming Teo1, Yee Mun Lee2, Henry Sun Sien Ho1
1Department of Urology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.
Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is a common treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Newer techniques like lasers and bipolar technology minimize complications associated with traditional monopolar TURP.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Surgical Technology
Background:
- Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a prevalent condition causing lower urinary tract symptoms.
- Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) has been the standard surgical treatment for benign prostatic obstruction (BPO).
- Monopolar TURP, while effective, presents risks like bleeding and transurethral resection syndrome.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the limitations of monopolar TURP.
- To highlight advancements in surgical techniques and technologies for BPO management.
- To assess how new methods minimize TURP-related complications.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of advancements in prostate surgery.
- Comparative analysis of monopolar TURP versus newer technologies (laser, bipolar).
- Evaluation of enucleative techniques for adenoma removal.
Main Results:
- Newer technologies significantly reduce bleeding and transurethral resection syndrome.
- Enucleative techniques improve the completeness of treatment for BPO.
- Laser and bipolar TURP offer safer alternatives to monopolar TURP.
Conclusions:
- Advancements in laser and bipolar technology are poised to replace monopolar TURP.
- Minimally invasive surgical options enhance safety and efficacy in BPO treatment.
- Future transurethral prostate surgery will likely utilize advanced techniques for improved patient outcomes.
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Urethra
The anatomy of the urethra differs between males and females. In females, the urethra is short, measuring about 3–4 cm in length, and opens anterior to the vaginal opening. In males, the urethra is longer and passes through the penis, serving dual purposes: expelling urine and ejaculating semen. The male...

