Chikungunya: Molecular Aspects, Clinical Outcomes and Pathogenesis

Area of Science:

• Virology
• Public Health
• Epidemiology

Background:

• The chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has emerged globally, causing significant outbreaks.
• Autochthonous transmission in Mexico began in 2014, leading to widespread dissemination.
• CHIKV infection presents with acute symptoms like fever and polyarthralgia, complicating diagnosis due to similarity with other arboviruses.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the public health threat of chikungunya virus in Mexico.
• To outline the clinical outcomes and physiopathological processes of chikungunya.
• To detail the diagnostic approaches and the virus's impact in Mexico.

Main Methods:

• This is a review article, synthesizing existing data.
• Literature search on chikungunya virus epidemiology, clinical presentation, and diagnosis.
• Analysis of the impact of chikungunya in Mexico post-2014.

Main Results:

• Chikungunya virus has caused multiple outbreaks in Mexico since 2014.
• The disease can lead to chronic arthralgia and rheumatoid arthritis, lasting months to years.
• Clinical diagnosis is challenging due to overlapping symptoms with other arboviruses.

Conclusions:

• Chikungunya virus poses a significant public health threat due to its disabling chronic effects.
• Understanding the physiopathology and improving diagnostic strategies are crucial.
• Continued surveillance and public health interventions are necessary in Mexico.