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Related Concept Videos

Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction01:24

Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction

1.6K
Esophageal varices are dilated, tortuous veins which are found mainly in the submucosa of the lower esophagus but which may also appear higher up or extend into the stomach. They develop due to increased pressure in the portal venous system, often as a result of liver cirrhosis. This condition scars and damages the liver, impeding normal blood flow through the portal vein. To compensate, blood seeks alternative pathways, forming fragile new vessels (varices) in the esophagus and stomach. These...
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Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

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The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...
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Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management01:28

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management

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Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol...
619
Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction01:22

Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction

634
Esophageal perforation is a severe medical condition characterized by a breach in the integrity of the esophageal wall. This breach can occur due to various factors such as trauma, medical procedures, or underlying diseases. When the esophageal wall is compromised, it allows food, fluids, and digestive juices into the chest cavity or adjacent structures, leading to potential complications and health risks.
The location of esophageal perforation can vary, occurring anywhere along the esophagus....
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Veins of the Abdomen and Pelvis01:18

Veins of the Abdomen and Pelvis

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The human body is a complex system of interconnected parts, and the circulatory system plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health. One key component of this system is the inferior vena cava, a large vein responsible for returning blood from the abdominopelvic viscera and abdominal walls to the heart.
The inferior vena cava is fed by numerous smaller veins. The lumbar veins, for instance, drain the posterior abdominal wall, emptying both directly into the inferior vena cava and into the...
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Vascular Spasm01:16

Vascular Spasm

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The vascular phase, also known as vasospasm, is the initial stage of hemostasis, crucial for preventing excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. After a vessel is cut, nerves in the damaged area trigger pain and other sensory impulses. Simultaneously, the smooth muscles in the vessel wall contract, resulting in a vascular spasm. This contraction reduces the vessel's diameter at the injury site, slowing or stopping blood loss through the vessel wall. Vascular spasms typically last...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 16, 2026

Pre-Chiasmatic, Single Injection of Autologous Blood to Induce Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in a Rat Model
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Pre-Chiasmatic, Single Injection of Autologous Blood to Induce Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in a Rat Model

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Spontaneous Intraabdominal Haemorrhage.

Irwin Faris1

  • 1Department of Surgery, Monash University and Alfred Hospital, Melbourne.

The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Surgery
|December 22, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This study presents three rare emergency cases, highlighting the importance of precise bleeding site localization for effective treatment. A novel association between this condition and diabetes mellitus was observed in two patients.

Area of Science:

  • Medicine
  • Gastroenterology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Rare gastrointestinal emergencies pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
  • Accurate identification of the bleeding source is critical for successful management.
  • The association between specific comorbidities and rare bleeding events requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present three cases of a rare emergency.
  • To discuss the pathological basis, clinical features, and treatment strategies.
  • To emphasize the critical role of precise bleeding site localization.

Main Methods:

  • Case series presentation.
  • Review of pathological findings.
  • Analysis of clinical presentations and treatment outcomes.

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Application of Microwave Ablation in Laparoscopic Partial Splenectomy
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Application of Microwave Ablation in Laparoscopic Partial Splenectomy

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 16, 2026

Pre-Chiasmatic, Single Injection of Autologous Blood to Induce Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in a Rat Model
09:14

Pre-Chiasmatic, Single Injection of Autologous Blood to Induce Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in a Rat Model

Published on: June 18, 2021

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Main Results:

  • Three cases of a rare emergency were successfully managed.
  • Precise localization of the bleeding site was crucial for treatment success.
  • Two patients presented with diabetes mellitus, an undocumented association.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt and accurate diagnosis, coupled with precise bleeding site identification, is key to managing this rare emergency.
  • The newly observed association with diabetes mellitus warrants further research.
  • This case series contributes to understanding the clinical spectrum of this rare condition.