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Advancement in nanotechnology-based approaches for the treatment and diagnosis of hypercholesterolemia

Nidhi Gupta1, Nikita Sharma2, Sandeep K Mathur3

  • 1a Department of Biotechnology , The IIS University , Jaipur , India.

Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology
|December 22, 2017
PubMed

Insights

This review explores conventional and nanotechnology-based treatments for hypercholesterolemia, a key factor in cardiovascular diseases. Nanomaterials offer promising new avenues for managing high cholesterol levels and improving diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading global cause of death, with hypercholesterolemia significantly contributing to heart attacks and strokes.
  • Elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels are a primary driver of hypercholesterolemia and associated CVDs.
  • Conventional therapies for hypercholesterolemia, while effective, can present adverse side effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of both traditional and emerging nanotechnology-based strategies for hypercholesterolemia treatment and diagnosis.
  • To highlight the potential of various nanomaterials in managing cholesterol levels.
  • To discuss recent advancements in diagnostic and imaging techniques utilizing nanotechnology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on conventional and nanotechnology-based therapeutic approaches for hypercholesterolemia.
  • Analysis of therapeutic targets in lipid metabolism, including apolipoprotein B, HMGCoA reductase, and PCSK9.
  • Exploration of diverse nanomaterial applications, such as polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, dendrimers, and inorganic nanoparticles.

Main Results:

  • Conventional therapies target key lipid metabolism molecules but may cause side effects.
  • Nanomaterial-based therapies, including polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, and dendrimers, show potential for lowering cholesterol.
  • Advancements in nanotechnology are enhancing diagnostic and imaging capabilities for hypercholesterolemia.

Conclusions:

  • Nanotechnology presents innovative solutions for hypercholesterolemia treatment, potentially overcoming limitations of conventional methods.
  • Diverse nanomaterials offer targeted delivery and improved efficacy in cholesterol management.
  • Future research directions include further development and clinical translation of nanotechnology-based diagnostics and therapeutics for CVDs.

Keywords:
Cardiovascular diseasesHMGCoA reductaseapolipoprotein Bhypercholesterolemialow-density lipoprotein cholesterolnanoparticlesproprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9

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