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Related Experiment Videos

Personal striving differentiation and affective reactivity.

R A Emmons1, L A King

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis 95616.

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
|March 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Emotionally reactive individuals exhibit more complex personal goals but develop fewer actionable plans. This study explores the link between mood variability and cognitive differentiation in personal striving.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Personality Psychology

Background:

  • Affective reactivity, encompassing mood intensity and variability, is a key aspect of emotional experience.
  • Cognitive differentiation refers to the complexity and organization of an individual's cognitive structures.
  • The personal striving framework provides a lens to examine goal-directed behavior and its relation to psychological functioning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between affective reactivity and cognitive differentiation within the personal striving framework.
  • To test the hypothesis that affective reactivity influences the differentiation of personal strivings.
  • To explore how mood dynamics relate to the structure and complexity of personal goals.

Main Methods:

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  • Utilized a sample of 88 participants across two studies.
  • Assessed personal strivings and their differentiation (interdependence, dissimilarity, planning) using self-report measures.
  • Employed experience-sampling and daily mood ratings over three weeks to quantify affect intensity and variability.

    • Main Results:

    • Emotionally reactive individuals demonstrated a more differentiated personal striving system.
    • Conversely, highly reactive participants generated fewer concrete plans for achieving their strivings compared to less reactive individuals.
    • A significant link was found between affective reactivity and striving differentiation.

    Conclusions:

    • Affective reactivity appears to be associated with a more complex, yet less actionable, system of personal goals.
    • Findings align with arousal regulation theory and self-complexity models in explaining affect-cognition interplay.
    • Highlights the nuanced relationship between emotional experience and goal-directed cognitive processes.