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Phagocytosis and ingestion of influenza virus by human polymorphonuclear leucocytes in vitro: electronmicroscopy

K Yamamoto1, K Suzuki, K Suzuki

  • 1Department of Virology, National Institute of Health, Tokyo, Japan.

Journal of Medical Microbiology
|March 1, 1989
PubMed

Insights

Human white blood cells (PMNL) bind influenza virus (IFV) via sialo-compound receptors. At body temperature, the virus is either released or engulfed and destroyed by the cells.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Human polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNL) are key immune cells.
  • Influenza virus (IFV) is a significant human pathogen.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the in vitro interaction between human PMNL and IFV.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms of viral binding and clearance by PMNL.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro study of PMNL and IFV interaction at different temperatures.
  • Neuraminidase sensitivity assay to identify binding receptors.
  • Immuno-gold electron microscopy for visualizing cellular uptake and lysis.

Main Results:

  • Extensive IFV binding to PMNL surface at 0°C (approx. 1000 virus particles/PMNL).
  • Binding is neuraminidase-sensitive, indicating interaction with sialo-compound receptors.
  • At 37°C, IFV is rapidly cleared via elution or endocytosis into phagosomal vesicles.
  • Electron microscopy confirms phagocytosis and subsequent lysis of viral particles within PMNL.

Conclusions:

  • PMNL exhibit specific binding to IFV through sialo-compound receptors.
  • PMNL effectively internalize and degrade IFV at physiological temperatures.
  • This interaction highlights a mechanism of innate immune defense against influenza virus.

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