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Related Concept Videos

Peptic Ulcer Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peptic Ulcer Disease I: Introduction

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Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) is characterized by mucosal excavation in the esophagus, stomach, pylorus, or duodenum. It can manifest as acute or chronic based on the extent and duration of mucosal involvement.
An acute ulcer, marked by superficial erosion and minimal inflammation, swiftly resolves upon identifying and addressing the underlying cause. In contrast, a chronic ulcer persists, potentially eroding through the muscular wall and forming fibrous tissue.
Peptic ulcers can also be...
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Barrett Esophagus-I: Introduction01:21

Barrett Esophagus-I: Introduction

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Barrett's esophagus is a medical condition where the esophageal mucosa is significantly damaged by stomach acid or other digestive fluids, often due to long-term exposure associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In GERD, a weakened or abnormally relaxed lower esophageal sphincter allows stomach acid to flow persistently into the esophagus.
This constant acid exposure transforms the esophagus's pink mucosal lining (stratified squamous epithelium) into a type of lining more...
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Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Mucosal Defense Factors01:24

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Peptic ulcer disease, commonly called PUD, represents a multifaceted condition characterized by disruptions in the lining of the gastrointestinal (GI)  tract. Central to the protection of the gastrointestinal lining is the mucosal-bicarbonate barrier. This physiological defense mechanism is a formidable shield against the corrosive effects of gastric acid and pepsin secretion in the stomach. Its role is pivotal in maintaining the structural integrity of the stomach's inner lining.
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Peptic Ulcer Disease III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:28

Peptic Ulcer Disease III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

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Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) presents with diverse symptoms depending on the location and severity of the ulcer. Clinical manifestations of peptic ulcer include dull pain and a burning sensation in the mid-epigastric region.
Few clinical manifestations differentiate gastric ulcers from duodenal ulcers. Distinctions in the location, timing, and pain relief are crucial for healthcare providers in differentiating between gastric and duodenal ulcers during clinical assessments.
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Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

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Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
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Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:21

Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

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Individuals with Barrett's esophagus are often asymptomatic, but they may experience symptoms commonly associated with GERD, such as heartburn and acid regurgitation. Additional symptoms can include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, unintentional weight loss, blood in the stool (which may appear black, tarry, or bloody), and episodes of vomiting.
To diagnose Barrett's esophagus, healthcare providers often recommend an endoscopy for those showing symptoms of acid reflux. The procedure...
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Diagnosis of Neoplasia in Barrett’s Esophagus using Vital-dye Enhanced Fluorescence Imaging
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Hyperplastic Polyps and Gastroduodenal Pseudomelanosis.

Akanksha Agrawal1, Deepanshu Jain2, Vivian Arguello3

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Case Reports in Gastrointestinal Medicine
|December 23, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This study reports a rare case of upper gastrointestinal pseudomelanosis in a patient with gastric hyperplastic polyps. The findings suggest a potential association between pseudomelanosis and polyps, warranting further investigation.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pathology
  • Endoscopy

Background:

  • Pseudomelanosis is a rare upper gastrointestinal finding.
  • It is characterized by hemosiderin deposits in the lamina propria.
  • The etiology and prognosis remain poorly understood.

Observation:

  • A 72-year-old female on oral iron supplementation presented with upper GI symptoms.
  • Endoscopy revealed gastric hyperplastic polyps with pseudomelanosis.
  • Pseudomelanosis was observed in both the stomach and duodenum.

Findings:

  • This is the first reported case of concomitant gastric and duodenal pseudomelanosis with gastric hyperplastic polyps.
  • The presence of pseudomelanosis without gastritis raises questions about its association with hyperplastic polyps.
  • Oral iron supplementation may play a role in the development of pseudomelanosis.

Implications:

  • Further prospective studies and case reporting are needed to understand the natural history of pseudomelanosis.
  • The association between pseudomelanosis and hyperplastic polyps requires further investigation.
  • Clinicians should consider pseudomelanosis in patients with upper GI polyps and iron supplementation.