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Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice
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Lupus Nephritis in Males: Clinical Features, Course, and Prognostic Factors for End-Stage Renal Disease

Andrés Urrestarazú1, Gabriela Otatti1, Ricardo Silvariño1

  • 1Centro de Nefrología, Hospital de Clínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.

Kidney International Reports
|December 23, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Lupus nephritis (LN) in men often presents as nephrotic syndrome and class IV disease. An estimated glomerular filtration rate below 60 ml/min at biopsy indicates a higher risk for end-stage renal disease.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Rheumatology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis (LN) are rare in men, leading to limited understanding of the disease in this population.
  • This study addresses the clinical presentation, disease course, and risk factors for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in male patients with LN.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the clinical presentation and outcomes of histology-proven lupus nephritis in males.
  • To identify risk factors associated with progression to end-stage renal disease in male patients with LN.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 50 male patients from historical cohorts in Spain and Uruguay.
  • Comparison with a matched cohort of female patients diagnosed with LN.

Main Results:

  • The most common presentations were nephrotic syndrome (52%) and class IV LN (68%).
  • An estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 ml/min, hypertension, hypoalbuminemia, and visceral involvement were associated with a higher risk of ESRD.
  • Multivariate analysis identified eGFR < 60 ml/min as the sole independent risk factor for progression to ESRD.
  • No significant differences in remission rates or renal survival were observed between male and female patients.

Conclusions:

  • Lupus nephritis in males typically manifests as nephrotic syndrome with a high prevalence of class IV disease.
  • Reduced kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min) at the time of renal biopsy is a significant predictor of poor renal outcomes.
  • The progression and remission rates of LN in males are comparable to those in females.
Abstract

Keywords:
lupuslupus nephritismales

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