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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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Spongy Bone01:09

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All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 16, 2026

Author Spotlight: An Economic and Efficient Method for Quantitative Evaluation of Bone Microarchitecture in a Murine Osteoporosis Model
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Bone microarchitecture and bone mineral density in multiple sclerosis.

A Olsson1, A B Oturai1, H B Søndergaard1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica
|December 23, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients show normal bone microarchitecture as measured by Trabecular Bone Score (TBS), indicating bone density, not structure, is affected. Lifestyle factors like smoking and inactivity impact bone health in MS.

Keywords:
bone microarchitecturebone mineral densityglucocorticoid treatmentmultiple sclerosisosteoporosisphysical activitytobacco smokingtrabecular bone score

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Neurology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is linked to reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and fractures.
  • The cause of bone loss in MS remains unclear.
  • Trabecular Bone Score (TBS) assesses bone microarchitecture and predicts fracture risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate bone quality using TBS in MS patients.
  • To identify risk factors affecting BMD and TBS in MS.

Main Methods:

  • 260 MS patients were analyzed.
  • TBS was calculated using TBS iNsight software.
  • Multivariable regression examined factors like smoking, alcohol, GC treatment, sun exposure, physical activity, vitamin D, and BMI.

Main Results:

  • MS patients had no significant difference in TBS compared to controls.
  • Low TBS was associated with older age and smoking.
  • Smoking and physical inactivity correlated with lower spinal BMD.
  • Glucocorticoid treatment showed no association with TBS.

Conclusions:

  • Bone microarchitecture (TBS) appears unaffected in MS, unlike BMD.
  • Larger studies are needed to confirm TBS role in MS.
  • Physical activity and non-smoking benefit bone health in MS, similar to the general population.