Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Energy to Drive Translocation01:37

Energy to Drive Translocation

2.9K
Mitochondrial protein import is powered by two distinct energy sources: ATP hydrolysis and electrochemical potential across the inner membrane. Newly synthesized precursors are bound by cytosolic chaperones of the Hsp70 family, which guide them to the import receptors on the mitochondrial surface. Utilizing the energy of ATP hydrolysis, Hsp70 chaperones transfer these precursors to the TOM receptors on the mitochondrial outer membrane.
Generally, polypeptides are unfolded by two distinct...
2.9K
Microscopic Anatomy of Skeletal Muscles01:13

Microscopic Anatomy of Skeletal Muscles

24.0K
Skeletal muscle cells, also called muscle fibers, are distinctly elongated, multi-nucleated, slender biological units. They are packed with specialized structures designed to facilitate their primary function, which is contraction.
The muscle sarcolemma is a plasma membrane enclosing each muscle cell that conducts electrical signals called action potentials. The sarcolemma extends into the cell to form T-tubules, ensuring the neural impulses are uniformly distributed across the entire muscle...
24.0K
The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway01:31

The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway

8.7K
Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
8.7K
The ADP/ATP Carrier Protein01:42

The ADP/ATP Carrier Protein

4.4K
ADP/ATP carrier or AAC protein is the most abundant carrier protein in the inner mitochondrial membrane. It transports large quantities of ADP and ATP, equivalent to the average human body weight, every day. Among other transporters, ACC protein is one of the best-studied members of the mitochondrial carrier protein family. The ADP/ATP carrier protein comprises two transmembrane helices connected to a loop and a single alpha-helix on the matrix side. It switches between two conformational...
4.4K
Muscle Contraction01:10

Muscle Contraction

9.0K
In skeletal muscles, acetylcholine is released by nerve terminals at the motor endplate—the point of synaptic communication between motor neurons and muscle fibers. The binding of acetylcholine to its receptors on the sarcolemma allows entry of sodium ions into the cell and triggers an action potential in the muscle cell. Thus, electrical signals from the brain are transmitted to the muscle. Subsequently, the enzyme acetylcholinesterase breaks down acetylcholine to prevent excessive...
9.0K
Muscle Contraction01:15

Muscle Contraction

96.6K
 
96.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

BDNF Val66Met polymorphism is linked to elevated levels of serotonin-transporter in the medial prefrontal cortex but not to altered eating behavior.

Neuroscience·2026
Same author

Burning fat with cysteine depletion.

Cell stress·2025
Same author

Cholinergic network modulation in disinhibited eating behavior.

Communications biology·2025
Same author

Novel neural pathways targeted by GLP-1R agonists and bariatric surgery.

Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology·2024
Same author

Central nervous system pathways targeted by amylin in the regulation of food intake.

Biochimie·2024
Same author

Creating a picture of brown fat with creatine-CEST.

Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 16, 2026

Differentiation and Imaging of Brown Adipocytes from the Stromal Vascular Fraction of Interscapular Adipose Tissue from Newborn Mice
04:46

Differentiation and Imaging of Brown Adipocytes from the Stromal Vascular Fraction of Interscapular Adipose Tissue from Newborn Mice

Published on: February 3, 2023

2.4K

Loading and firing the brown adipocyte.

Mohammed K Hankir1,2

  • 1a Department of Experimental Surgery , University Hospital Wuerzburg , Wuerzburg , Bavaria , Germany.

Adipocyte
|December 23, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) uses lipids and glucose for energy, with contributions varying by conditions. Understanding these metabolic pathways offers new therapeutic targets for metabolic diseases.

Keywords:
Acylcarnitinesbrown adipose tissuefatty acidsglucoselipolysisliverthermogenesisuncoupling protein 1white adipose tissue

More Related Videos

Human Brown Adipose Tissue Depots Automatically Segmented by Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography and Registered Magnetic Resonance Images
09:21

Human Brown Adipose Tissue Depots Automatically Segmented by Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography and Registered Magnetic Resonance Images

Published on: February 18, 2015

12.6K
Visualization and Quantification of Brown and Beige Adipose Tissues in Mice using [18F]FDG Micro-PET/MR Imaging
08:31

Visualization and Quantification of Brown and Beige Adipose Tissues in Mice using [18F]FDG Micro-PET/MR Imaging

Published on: July 1, 2021

3.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 16, 2026

Differentiation and Imaging of Brown Adipocytes from the Stromal Vascular Fraction of Interscapular Adipose Tissue from Newborn Mice
04:46

Differentiation and Imaging of Brown Adipocytes from the Stromal Vascular Fraction of Interscapular Adipose Tissue from Newborn Mice

Published on: February 3, 2023

2.4K
Human Brown Adipose Tissue Depots Automatically Segmented by Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography and Registered Magnetic Resonance Images
09:21

Human Brown Adipose Tissue Depots Automatically Segmented by Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography and Registered Magnetic Resonance Images

Published on: February 18, 2015

12.6K
Visualization and Quantification of Brown and Beige Adipose Tissues in Mice using [18F]FDG Micro-PET/MR Imaging
08:31

Visualization and Quantification of Brown and Beige Adipose Tissues in Mice using [18F]FDG Micro-PET/MR Imaging

Published on: July 1, 2021

3.6K

Area of Science:

  • Metabolic research
  • Adipose tissue biology
  • Thermogenesis

Background:

  • Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is key for energy expenditure and metabolic disease therapy.
  • Non-shivering thermogenesis was primarily attributed to fatty acids and UCP1 in BAT.
  • The roles of other tissues in BAT function require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the roles of white adipose tissue and liver in supplying fuel to BAT.
  • To highlight UCP1-independent heat production in brown adipocytes.
  • To present a model for BAT function based on varying fuel contributions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research.
  • Analysis of metabolic pathways involved in fuel provision to BAT.
  • Development of a conceptual model for brown adipocyte energy metabolism.

Main Results:

  • White adipose tissue and liver play crucial roles in supplying fuel to BAT.
  • UCP1-independent thermogenesis is a significant aspect of brown adipocyte function.
  • The balance of lipid and glucose utilization by BAT is condition-dependent.

Conclusions:

  • BAT's energy metabolism is complex, involving multiple fuel sources and regulatory mechanisms.
  • Understanding BAT's coordinated response to environmental and dietary factors is vital.
  • Further research into molecular processes governing BAT function holds therapeutic promise for metabolic disorders.