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Updated: Feb 16, 2026

Imaging Membrane Potential with Two Types of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Voltage Sensors
Published on: February 4, 2016
Genetically encoded fluorescent sensors for measuring transition and heavy metals in biological systems
Ziyang Hao1, Rongfeng Zhu2, Peng R Chen3
1Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago 60637, USA.
Abstract:
Great progress has been made in expanding the repertoire of genetically encoded fluorescent sensors for monitoring intracellular transition metals (TMs). This powerful toolkit permits dynamic and non-invasive detection of TMs with high spatial-temporal resolution, which enables us to better understand the roles of TM homeostasis in both physiological and pathological settings. Here we summarize the recent development of genetically encoded fluorescent sensors for intracellular detection of TMs such as zinc and copper, as well as heavy metals including lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic.
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