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Updated: Feb 16, 2026

A Novel Human Epithelial Enteroid Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis
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Necrotizing enterocolitis: Pathophysiology from a historical context.

David Hackam1, Michael Caplan2

  • 1Division of Pediatric General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins Children's Center and The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.

Seminars in Pediatric Surgery
|December 26, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) affects preterm infants, with new research clarifying its causes. Understanding enteral feeding, gut bacteria, and inflammation is key to addressing this serious neonatal condition.

Keywords:
Breast milkEndotoxinNecrotizing enterocolitisNeonatal sepsisSurgeryToll like receptor

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Gastroenterology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants weighing less than 1500g.
  • Despite decades of research, the exact pathogenesis of NEC remains complex and incompletely understood.
  • Current understanding relies heavily on foundational observations made many years ago.

Observation:

  • NEC affects approximately 7% of very low birth weight infants.
  • Recent investigations are shedding new light on the disease's development.
  • The review examines NEC within a historical context.

Findings:

  • Seminal findings highlight the critical roles of enteral feeding, gut microbiota, and intestinal inflammation in NEC pathophysiology.
  • Enteral feeding practices are central to NEC development.
  • The gut microbiome and inflammatory responses are key factors.

Implications:

  • Novel insights into NEC pathogenesis may lead to improved prevention and treatment strategies.
  • A deeper understanding of contributing factors can inform clinical practice in neonatal intensive care units.
  • Further research into the interplay of feeding, microbiota, and inflammation is warranted.