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Variation in Splicing Efficiency Underlies Morphological Evolution in Capsella.

Ushio Fujikura1, Runchun Jing1, Atsushi Hanada2

  • 1Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, House 26, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.

Developmental Cell
|December 26, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Evolutionary-developmental biology reveals how selfing reduces flower size. Efficient splicing of brassinosteroid enzyme CYP724A1 in selfing species increases hormone levels, restricting plant growth.

Keywords:
Capsellabrassinosteroidsevolution of developmentexonic splicing signalsorgan growthorgan sizeselfing syndromeshepherd's pursesplicing

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary-developmental biology
  • Plant reproductive biology
  • Molecular evolution

Background:

  • The transition from outbreeding to self-fertilization often leads to reduced reproductive structures.
  • Reduced flower size is a common consequence of selfing in plants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying reduced flower size in selfing plants.
  • To identify genetic variations contributing to the evolution of selfing.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of brassinosteroid biosynthesis genes between outbreeding and selfing Capsella species.
  • Investigating the role of differential splicing efficiency in gene expression.
  • Assessing the impact of brassinosteroid levels on plant organ growth.

Main Results:

  • Variation in the brassinosteroid-biosynthesis enzyme CYP724A1 contributes to reduced flower size in selfing Capsella rubella.
  • The C. rubella allele exhibits more efficient splicing, leading to higher brassinosteroid levels.
  • Elevated brassinosteroid levels restrict organ growth by limiting cell proliferation.

Conclusions:

  • Differential splicing efficiency, driven by de novo mutations, plays a key role in generating phenotypic variation during the evolution of selfing.
  • Higher-than-optimal hormone levels can contribute to morphological changes associated with reproductive transitions.