Neurological disease may precede lymphadenopathies in Actinomyces europaeus infection

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Infectious Diseases
• Vascular Biology

Background:

• Actinomyces species are commensal flora of human mucous membranes.
• Actinomyces europaeus, identified in 1997, is susceptible to beta-lactam antibiotics.
• Chronic actinomycosis can lead to significant tissue damage.

Observation:

• A young female patient in the ICU presented with a chronic progressive Actinomyces europaeus infection.
• The infection initially affected neck soft tissue and cervical lymph nodes.
• The infection extended to involve the vascular structure.

Findings:

• Actinomyces europaeus caused a progressive infection with vascular endothelium damage.
• The case demonstrates a rare but severe manifestation of actinomycosis.
• Beta-lactam antibiotics are considered first-choice treatment for Actinomyces europaeus.

Implications:

• This case underscores the importance of recognizing and treating Actinomyces europaeus infections promptly.
• Understanding the pathogenesis of A. europaeus is crucial for managing severe cases.
• Further research into the vascular complications of actinomycosis is warranted.