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Systolic Blood Pressure Elevation in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Is Improved with Positive Airway Pressure

Lourdes M DelRosso1, Janet King2, Raffaele Ferri3

  • 1Pediatric Pulmonary, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland (BCHO), Oakland, CA; Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA.

The Journal of Pediatrics
|December 27, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment lowers systolic blood pressure (BP) in children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), even with increased body mass index (BMI). This study highlights CPAP

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Sleep Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Health in Children
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is increasingly diagnosed in children.
  • Elevated blood pressure (BP) is a potential comorbidity of pediatric OSA.
  • The impact of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on BP in pediatric OSA requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effect of CPAP treatment on blood pressure (BP) in children diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
  • To compare BP in children with OSA treated with CPAP versus untreated OSA and habitual snorers.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of 75 children (aged 7-17) evaluated for snoring.
  • Children categorized into three groups: snorers, untreated OSA, and CPAP-treated OSA.
  • Collected data included age, BMI, BP, heart rate, apnea-hypopnea index, and oxygen saturation.

Main Results:

  • Children with OSA exhibited higher systolic BP compared to habitual snorers.
  • CPAP treatment led to a reduction in systolic BP in the OSA group.
  • The reduction in systolic BP was more pronounced in children with higher baseline BMI; no significant change in diastolic BP was observed.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric OSA is associated with elevated systolic BP.
  • CPAP therapy effectively reduces systolic BP in children with OSA over a 6-month period.
  • The benefits of CPAP on BP persist despite a potential increase in BMI.
Abstract

Keywords:
CPAPobstructive sleep apneasystolic blood pressure

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