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Endothelial cells of extremely premature infants display impaired immune response after proinflammatory stimulation

Lukas Wisgrill1, Martina Muck1, Isabelle Wessely1

  • 1Division of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Paediatric Intensive Care and Neuropaediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Pediatric Research
|December 27, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Extremely preterm endothelial cells show a reduced immune response to infection, impacting infection control in newborns. This diminished response may make preterm infants more susceptible to severe infections.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Neonatal Research
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Endothelial cells (ECs) play a crucial role in immune responses, including cytokine production and immune cell trafficking.
  • Data on the function of ECs from extremely preterm neonates during infection is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the immune response of endothelial cells from extremely preterm neonates following proinflammatory stimulation.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed cell adhesion receptor expression and function, nuclear factor 'kappa-light-chain-enhancer' of activated B-cells (NFκB) signaling, and chemokine production.
  • Utilized umbilical cord ECs from extremely preterm and term neonates, stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF).

Main Results:

  • Preterm ECs showed lower P-selectin and E-selectin expression, reduced NFκB signaling, and diminished cell-adhesive functions post-LPS stimulation compared to term ECs.
  • CCL2/CXCL8 chemokine secretion was upregulated in both preterm and term ECs after stimulation.
  • CXCL10 production increased significantly in term ECs but not in preterm ECs upon TNF stimulation.

Conclusions:

  • Extremely premature ECs exhibit partially reduced expression and function of cell adhesion molecules.
  • NFκB signaling and chemokine/cytokine production are diminished in preterm ECs.
  • The impaired endothelial proinflammatory response in preterm neonates may lead to compromised infection control and increased susceptibility to severe infections.

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