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Impact of dietary nutrient intake and physical activity on body composition and growth in Indian children

Anuradha V Khadilkar1, Shashi A Chiplonkar1, Neha A Kajale1

  • 1Growth and Endocrine Unit, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Jehangir Hospital, Pune, India.

Pediatric Research
|December 27, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Adequate protein and antioxidant intake, along with increased moderate physical activity (PA), are crucial for optimal growth and body composition in Indian children. Reducing inactivity is also key.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Childhood Growth and Development
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Investigating the interplay between diet, physical activity (PA), and child development.
  • Understanding growth and body composition (BC) in urban Indian school children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationships between dietary intake, PA levels, and BC in Indian children.
  • To identify nutritional and activity factors influencing growth parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 4,747 Indian children (ages 3-18).
  • Data collection included weight, height, BC (bioimpedance), PA, and dietary intake via questionnaires.
  • Statistical analysis using multiple regression.

Main Results:

  • Lower energy, protein, and micronutrient intakes observed in older children.
  • Height-for-age z-scores (HAZ) positively associated with mid-parental height and protein density.
  • HAZ negatively associated with inactivity; body fat negatively correlated with light/moderate activity and antioxidants.
  • Muscle mass positively correlated with moderate activity and negatively with inactivity.

Conclusions:

  • Optimal growth and BC in Indian children depend on adequate protein and antioxidant intake.
  • Reducing inactivity and promoting moderate PA are essential for healthy development.
  • Dietary factors and physical activity significantly impact child growth and body composition.

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