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Association between celiac disease and schizophrenia: a meta-analysis
Karn Wijarnpreecha1, Veeravich Jaruvongvanich2, Wisit Cheungpasitporn3
1Department of Internal Medicine, Bassett Medical Center, Cooperstown, New York.
European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology
|December 28, 2017
Summary
Individuals with celiac disease face a doubled risk of developing schizophrenia. This meta-analysis confirms a significant association between celiac disease and increased schizophrenia risk.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Psychiatry
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Emerging evidence suggests a potential link between celiac disease and an elevated risk of schizophrenia.
- Previous studies on this association have yielded inconclusive results, necessitating further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and synthesize existing evidence on the risk of schizophrenia in patients with celiac disease.
- To provide a comprehensive meta-analysis to clarify the association between celiac disease and schizophrenia.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted across MEDLINE and Embase databases up to June 2017.
- Included studies compared schizophrenia risk in celiac disease patients versus controls.
- Pooled odds ratios and confidence intervals were calculated using a random-effect model.
Main Results:
- Four studies, involving 284 retrieved articles, met the eligibility criteria.
- Patients with celiac disease exhibited a significantly higher risk of schizophrenia (pooled OR: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.45-2.86).
- The meta-analysis demonstrated no significant statistical heterogeneity (I=0%).
Conclusions:
- This systematic review and meta-analysis provides robust evidence of a significantly increased risk of schizophrenia in individuals with celiac disease.
- The findings highlight a potential connection between celiac disease and schizophrenia, warranting further research into underlying mechanisms.
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