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Samir Kapadia1,2

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Coronary artery disease (CAD) patients are younger and more obese, with increasing rates of smoking, hypertension, and diabetes. Aggressive risk factor modification is crucial for improving cardiovascular outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) outcomes have improved over 20 years due to clinical advances.
  • Changes in CAD risk factors over two decades are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) over the past 20 years.
  • To identify demographic and lifestyle changes in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from nearly 4,000 patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
  • Comparison of patient demographics and risk factor prevalence over a 20-year period at a tertiary care center.

Main Results:

  • Patients presenting with acute STEMI are younger and more obese compared to previous decades.
  • Increasing prevalence of smoking, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus observed in STEMI patients.
  • Despite improved treatments, risk factor profiles are worsening.

Conclusions:

  • Risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) are shifting towards younger, more obese individuals.
  • Increasing prevalence of traditional risk factors like smoking, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus.
  • Enhanced primary and secondary prevention strategies are essential for future cardiovascular health improvements.