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Prescribing Opioid Replacement Therapy in U.S. Correctional Settings.

Pantea Farahmand1, Vania Modesto-Lowe2, Margaret M Chaplin2

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Summary

Providing opioid replacement therapies (ORTs) to incarcerated individuals with opioid addiction can reduce crime and disease transmission. Continued ORT post-release is crucial for sustained recovery and public health.

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Area of Science:

  • Addiction medicine
  • Public health
  • Criminal justice health

Background:

  • Opioid addiction is a chronic disorder prevalent in correctional populations.
  • Incarcerated individuals with opioid addiction face high risks of relapse, overdose, and infectious diseases upon release.
  • Current practices often discontinue essential opioid replacement therapies (ORTs) upon prison entry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To advocate for the continuation of ORTs for opioid-addicted inmates during incarceration.
  • To emphasize the importance of seamless transitions to outpatient ORT services post-release.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on ORT efficacy and challenges in correctional settings.
  • Analysis of the public health and criminal justice implications of untreated opioid use disorder in prisons.

Main Results:

  • ORTs significantly reduce HIV, criminality, and mortality associated with opioid use disorder.
  • Discontinuation of ORTs in correctional facilities leads to increased relapse rates and associated negative outcomes.
  • Continued ORT is linked to improved health and reduced recidivism.

Conclusions:

  • Providing ORTs to incarcerated individuals is a vital public health intervention.
  • Integrating ORT into correctional healthcare systems and ensuring continuity of care post-release is essential.
  • This approach benefits both the individuals and the community by reducing disease spread and crime.