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Updated: Feb 16, 2026

Detection of Targetable Alterations in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer using Next-generation Sequencing
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Detection of Targetable Alterations in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer using Next-generation Sequencing

Published on: October 10, 2025

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Biomarkers/Molecular Targets, Immunotherapy, and Treatments for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Elizabeth S Waxman1, Frank V Fossella1

  • 1MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

Journal of the Advanced Practitioner in Oncology
|December 29, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment has improved significantly. New targeted therapies and immunotherapies, guided by mutational testing, offer better outcomes for patients with advanced NSCLC.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Historically, advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) had a poor prognosis with limited chemotherapy options.
  • Chemotherapy for advanced NSCLC offered minimal efficacy and significant toxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current advancements in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  • To discuss molecular targets, biomarkers, and immunotherapies impacting NSCLC management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on targeted therapies and immunotherapies for NSCLC.
  • Analysis of molecular targets and biomarkers relevant to NSCLC treatment selection.

Main Results:

  • Mutational testing has enabled personalized treatment strategies for NSCLC.
  • Targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors have dramatically improved patient outcomes.
  • Emerging immunotherapies represent a significant advancement in NSCLC management.

Conclusions:

  • The treatment landscape for advanced NSCLC has been revolutionized by molecular and immunological approaches.
  • Personalized medicine, including targeted therapies and immunotherapy, is now standard for many NSCLC patients.
  • Continued research into novel targets and combinations promises further improvements in NSCLC survival and quality of life.

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