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The JAM Family of Molecules and Their Role in the Regulation of Physiological and Pathological Processes

B I Kuznik, N S Linkova, N V Kolchina

    Uspekhi Fiziologicheskikh Nauk
    |December 29, 2017
    PubMed

    Insights

    Junctional adhesion molecules (JAMs) regulate various physiological processes and are implicated in numerous diseases, including cardiovascular conditions, nervous system disorders, and cancer. Peptide geroprotectors may influence JAMs expression through epigenetic mechanisms.

    Area of Science:

    • Cell adhesion biology
    • Molecular medicine
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Junctional adhesion molecules (JAMs) are a family of cell adhesion proteins crucial for maintaining tissue integrity and regulating cell-cell interactions.
    • Dysregulation of JAMs is associated with various pathological conditions, highlighting their significance in disease pathogenesis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the diverse functions of JAMs family members.
    • To elucidate the role of specific JAMs (JAM-A, JAM-B, JAM-C) in pathological processes.
    • To explore potential therapeutic implications, including the role of peptide geroprotectors.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of JAMs functions and roles in diseases.
    • Analysis of existing data on JAMs involvement in nervous system, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and inflammatory conditions.
    • Discussion of potential epigenetic regulation mechanisms.

    Main Results:

    • JAM-C and JAM-A influence platelet and leukocyte adhesion, impacting hemostasis and migration.
    • JAM-A is linked to cognitive impairment in HIV and breast cancer.
    • JAM-B suppresses tumor growth and, along with JAM-C, inhibits glioma invasion.
    • JAMs are involved in hypertension, atherosclerosis, cardiac abnormalities, and corneal angiogenesis.
    • JAM-C plays a role in retinal photoreceptor development.

    Conclusions:

    • JAMs are critical regulators of diverse physiological and pathological processes.
    • Aberrant JAMs expression contributes to a wide spectrum of diseases.
    • Epigenetic mechanisms, potentially modulated by peptide geroprotectors, may regulate JAMs expression, offering novel therapeutic avenues.

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