Core Temperature Responses to Cold-Water Immersion Recovery: A Pooled-Data Analysis
International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance
|December 29, 2017
Summary
Postexercise cold-water immersion (CWI) protocols significantly impact core temperature changes. Intermittent CWI and longer durations/colder temperatures enhance cooling effects, guiding optimal protocol selection.
Area of Science:
- Exercise Physiology
- Thermoregulation
- Sports Science
Background:
- Postexercise cold-water immersion (CWI) is a common recovery strategy.
- Understanding the influence of CWI protocol variations on core temperature (Tc) is crucial for optimizing its application.
- Previous research has explored CWI, but a comprehensive analysis of protocol effects on Tc dynamics is needed.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of different cold-water immersion (CWI) protocols on the magnitude and time course of postexercise core temperature (Tc) responses.
- To compare CWI effects against a control (CON) condition using pooled data analysis.
- To identify specific CWI parameters (temperature, duration, mode) influencing Tc changes.
Main Methods:
- Pooled-data analysis of 157 subjects from previous postexercise CWI trials.
- CWI protocols included variations in temperature, duration, immersion depth, and mode (continuous vs. intermittent).
- Core temperature (Tc) changes were analyzed as a double difference (ΔΔTc) using linear mixed models across immersion and postintervention phases.
Main Results:
- Intermittent CWI demonstrated a significantly greater decrease in ΔΔTc (0.25°C) compared to continuous CWI during immersion (P=.02).
- Lower water temperatures and longer immersion durations significantly enhanced Tc reduction during the immersion phase.
- The peak difference in Tc between CWI and CON occurred 60 minutes postintervention.
Conclusions:
- CWI mode, duration, and temperature significantly influence the extent of postexercise core temperature reduction.
- Intermittent immersion, colder temperatures, and longer durations appear more effective for core cooling.
- Careful consideration of these protocol factors is necessary to prescribe optimal CWI for desired cooling effects.
Related Concept Videos
02:45Responses to Heat and Cold Stress
14.9K
Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
14.9K
02:10The Nucleosome Core Particle
14.6K
Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
The paradox
Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their main responsibility is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. While on the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access DNA...
The paradox
Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their main responsibility is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. While on the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access DNA...
14.6K
01:12The Nucleosome Core Particle
2.5K
Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their primary aim is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. On the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access histone-bound DNA during...
Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their primary aim is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. On the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access histone-bound DNA during...
2.5K
01:12Analysis of Population Pharmacokinetic Data
821
Analysis of population pharmacokinetic data involves studying the behavior of drugs within diverse populations to understand their pharmacokinetic parameters. Traditional pharmacokinetic methods typically involve collecting samples from a few individuals and estimating these parameters. While these methods are commonly used, they have limitations in capturing the variability in drug response among individuals or heterogeneous populations. Population pharmacokinetics is employed to address these...
821
01:13Overview of Microsoft Excel as a Data Analysis Tool
1.7K
Microsoft Excel is a cornerstone tool for data analysis and statistical operations, offering a wide array of functionalities to manage, analyze, and visualize data efficiently. Recognized for its versatility, Excel facilitates the performance of basic to complex statistical operations, serving as an indispensable asset for analysts, researchers, and students alike. Excel's significance in data analysis emanates from its spreadsheet environment, where data can be organized in rows and...
1.7K
02:11Effects of Temperature on Free Energy
28.5K
The spontaneity of a process depends upon the temperature of the system. Phase transitions, for example, will proceed spontaneously in one direction or the other depending upon the temperature of the substance in question. Likewise, some chemical reactions can also exhibit temperature-dependent spontaneities. To illustrate this concept, the equation relating free energy change to the enthalpy and entropy changes for the process is considered:
28.5K