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Risk of Pneumonia After Vertebral Compression Fracture in Women With Low Bone Density: A Population-Based Study
Byunghyun Kim1, Joonghee Kim1, You Hwan Jo1
1Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
Study Design:
Retrospective large population-based study.
Objective:
The aim of this study is to elucidate the association between vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) and pneumonia.
Summary Of Background Data:
VCF is known to be associated with impaired pulmonary function. However, the risk of developing pneumonia after new-onset VCF has not been evaluated.
Methods:
The data source was the National Health Screening Program Cohort, a population-based sample cohort of national health screening enrolees. Elderly women with low bone density identified during the life transition period health check-up were target population. Patients with newly diagnosed isolated VCF after the health check-up except those with cervical VCF were included as exposure group. Matched individuals still free of any type of VCF from the same population were included as control group with case/control ratio 3:1. The time to first occurrence of pneumonia were analyzed with Cox-regression analysis.
Results:
From the target population (N = 24,773), we matched 867 patients exposed to new-onset isolated VCFs with 2601 controls. In a multivariable Cox-regression analysis, isolated VCF was identified as an independent risk factor for development of a pneumonia (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.48; 95% confidence interval 1.14-1.91). Among the subtypes of VCF, thoracic/thoracolumbar VCF was independently associated with increased risk of pneumonia (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.13; 95% confidence interval 1.47-3.08).
Conclusion:
Isolated VCF, especially those involving thoracic region, was associated with increased risk of pneumonia.
Level Of Evidence:
4.
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