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Related Concept Videos

Cooperative Allosteric Transitions01:58

Cooperative Allosteric Transitions

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Cooperative allosteric transitions can occur in multimeric proteins, where each subunit of the protein has its own ligand-binding site. When a ligand binds to any of these subunits, it triggers a conformational change that affects the binding sites in the other subunits; this can change the affinity of the other sites for their respective ligands. The ability of the protein to change the shape of its binding site is attributed to the presence of a mix of flexible and stable segments in the...
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Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators02:13

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Transcriptional regulators bind to specific cis-regulatory sequences in the DNA to regulate gene transcription. These cis-regulatory sequences are very short, usually less than ten nucleotide pairs in length. The short length means that there is a high probability of the exact same sequence randomly occurring throughout the genome.  Since regulators can also bind to groups of similar sequences, this further increases the chances of random binding. Transcriptional regulators form...
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Antibiotic Selection00:57

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Quantifying the Brain Metastatic Tumor Micro-Environment using an Organ-On-A Chip 3D Model, Machine Learning, and Confocal Tomography
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Modeling cooperating micro-organisms in antibiotic environment.

Gilad Book1, Colin Ingham2, Gil Ariel1

  • 1Department of Mathematics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.

Plos One
|December 29, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Paenibacillus vortex and Escherichia coli form cooperative colonies to survive antibiotics. This bacterial symbiosis, where P. vortex moves E. coli and E. coli neutralizes ampicillin, highlights survival strategies in harsh environments.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Systems Biology
  • Mathematical Biology

Background:

  • Paenibacillus vortex (P. vortex) is a motile bacterium sensitive to ampicillin.
  • Escherichia coli (E. coli) degrades ampicillin but lacks motility on high-agar media.
  • Bacterial cooperation can enhance survival in challenging environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model the cooperative behavior between P. vortex and E. coli for antibiotic resistance.
  • To investigate cooperative movement strategies in mixed bacterial colonies.
  • To explore the dynamics of multi-species microbial systems.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a simplified model using coupled reaction-diffusion equations.
  • Simulated ring pattern formation in shared bacterial colonies.
  • Employed a second-order Vectorizable Random Lattices method for numerical computation.

Main Results:

  • The model successfully simulated the asymmetric cooperation between P. vortex and E. coli.
  • Demonstrated how E. coli's ampicillin degradation and P. vortex's motility create a survival advantage.
  • Explored potential dynamics in systems with antibiotic gradients and nutrient limitations.

Conclusions:

  • Bacterial cooperation is a key strategy for survival against environmental stressors like antibiotics.
  • Mathematical modeling provides insights into the complex dynamics of microbial communities.
  • The study highlights the potential for multi-species interactions in microbial ecosystems.