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Related Concept Videos

Development of the Heart01:27

Development of the Heart

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The development of the human heart, a crucial organ, commences from the mesoderm on the 18th or 19th day after fertilization. This process initiates in the cardiogenic area, a group of mesodermal cells at the embryo's head end, which evolves into elongated strands known as cardiogenic cords. These cords undergo a transformation to form hollow-centered endocardial tubes.
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The human heart is made up of three layers of tissue that are surrounded by the pericardium, a membrane that protects and confines the heart. The outermost layer, closest to the pericardium, is the epicardium. The pericardial cavity separates the pericardium from the epicardium. Beneath the epicardium is the myocardium, the middle layer, and the endocardium, the innermost layer. There are four chambers of the heart: the right atrium, the right ventricle, the left atrium, and the left ventricle.
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Anatomy of the Heart01:20

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The heart is a hollow, muscular organ approximately the size of a fist, consisting of four chambers. It is enclosed in the pericardium, a fibrous sac with two layers: the visceral and parietal pericardium, separated by a fluid-filled space containing serous fluid to reduce friction.
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Chambers of the Heart
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Microtubule Associated Proteins (MAPs)01:42

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Microtubule function and architecture are regulated by an array of specialized proteins called microtubule-associated proteins or MAPs. These proteins are widespread across different organisms and have conserved protein motifs, like the multi-TOG domain for tubulin binding found in the CLASP family of MAPs. Some MAPs are lineage-specific based on their conserved domains. Their functions depend upon the cytoskeletal architecture and cell type they are located within. In-plant cells, a specific...
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The development of all multicellular organisms starts with the fusion of haploid cells called sperm and egg to form a diploid zygote. A zygote is a totipotent cell that can develop into a complete organism. The zygote undergoes cell division or cleavage to form an 8-cell mass. Until this stage, the cells are spherical, loosely attached, and remain totipotent. Totipotent cells are capable of developing both the embryonic and the extraembryonic tissues. However, as they continue to divide, they...
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Topographic maps represent the Earth's surface features using contour lines, which connect points of equal elevation to create a two-dimensional representation of three-dimensional terrain. Creating a topographic map requires a systematic approach.Begin by plotting a scaled grid and marking intersections corresponding to the survey's elevation data points. Assign elevation values at these intersections to build the base map. Next, determine contour levels using a consistent contour interval,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 16, 2026

Optical Mapping of Langendorff-perfused Rat Hearts
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Published on: August 11, 2009

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Cell-accurate optical mapping across the entire developing heart.

Michael Weber1,2, Nico Scherf1,3, Alexander M Meyer4

  • 1Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany.

Elife
|December 30, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study maps all cells in developing zebrafish hearts in 3D, revealing how cell function and structure mature together. This provides a new way to study organ development from cell to organ scale.

Keywords:
Cardiac conductionCardiologyLight sheet microscopyOptical mappingOrganogenesisbiophysicsdevelopmental biologyimage analysisstem cellsstructural biologyzebrafish

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 16, 2026

Optical Mapping of Langendorff-perfused Rat Hearts
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Optical Mapping of Langendorff-perfused Rat Hearts

Published on: August 11, 2009

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Multiparametric Optical Mapping of the Langendorff-perfused Rabbit Heart
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Multiparametric Optical Mapping of the Langendorff-perfused Rabbit Heart

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Organogenesis relies on cell-cell interactions and tissue-level cues.
  • Understanding heart development requires integrated, continuous, cell-to-organ scale imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and apply a method for cell-accurate 3D calcium (Ca2+) mapping in the entire embryonic zebrafish heart.
  • To investigate the emergence of cell function heterogeneity and its relationship with structural patterning during heart development.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized high-speed light sheet microscopy for imaging.
  • Employed tailored image processing and analysis for cell-accurate mapping.
  • Studied electro-mechanically uncoupled embryonic zebrafish hearts during the looping stage.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated cell-accurate 3D Ca2+ mapping across all cells in the embryonic heart.
  • Revealed region-specific heterogeneity in myocardial cell function during early development.
  • Showed that structural patterning correlates with functional maturation of the developing heart.

Conclusions:

  • The developed method enables systematic, scale-bridging, in vivo studies of organogenesis.
  • Facilitates cell-accurate structure-function mapping across entire organs.
  • Offers new insights into the coordinated development of cardiac structure and function.