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Related Concept Videos

Sample Handling01:02

Sample Handling

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Transportation of samples from the collection point to the laboratory, as well as storage and preservation techniques, are crucial for maintaining sample integrity and ensuring accurate and reliable test results.
Samples should be transported carefully from collection points to the laboratory. They should be properly sealed and clearly labeled to prevent cross-contamination. To preserve the sample integrity, optimal temperature conditions during transport are essential. This could involve using...
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From DNA to Protein03:06

From DNA to Protein

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The flow of genetic information in cells from DNA to mRNA to protein is described by the central dogma, which states that genes specify the sequence of mRNAs, which in turn specify the sequence of amino acids making up all proteins. The decoding of one molecule to another is performed by specific proteins and RNAs. Because the information stored in DNA is so central to cellular function, it makes intuitive sense that the cell would make mRNA copies of this information for protein synthesis...
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Protein Complex Assembly02:41

Protein Complex Assembly

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Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types.  Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
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Spindle Assembly

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Spindle assembly occurs through three, often coexisting, pathways – the centrosome-mediated pathway, the chromatin-mediated pathway, and the microtubule-mediated pathway – collectively contributing to form a robust spindle apparatus.
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Oligosaccharide Assembly01:24

Oligosaccharide Assembly

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Protein glycosylation starts in the ER lumen and continues in the Golgi apparatus. Glycosyltransferases catalyze the addition of sugar molecules or glycosylation of proteins. Usually, these enzymes add sugars to the hydroxyl groups of selected serine or threonine residues to form O-linked glycans or the amino groups of asparagine residues to form N-linked glycans. Different positions on the same polypeptide chain can contain differently linked glycans.
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DNA Topoisomerases02:02

DNA Topoisomerases

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Topoisomerases are enzymes that relax overwound DNA molecules during various cell processes, including DNA replication and transcription. These enzymes regulate positive and negative DNA supercoiling without changing the nucleotide sequence. DNA overwinding in a clockwise direction results in positively supercoiled DNA, whereas underwinding in a counterclockwise direction produces negatively supercoiled DNA.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 16, 2026

Automated Robotic Liquid Handling Assembly of Modular DNA Devices
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Automated Robotic Liquid Handling Assembly of Modular DNA Devices

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Automated Robotic Liquid Handling Assembly of Modular DNA Devices.

Luis Ortiz1, Marilene Pavan2, Lloyd McCarthy3

  • 1Graduate Program in Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Boston University; Biological Design Center, Boston University.

Journal of Visualized Experiments : Jove
|December 30, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Synthetic biologists can now automate DNA assembly using robotic platforms and a new web tool. This high-throughput method significantly reduces errors and hands-on time for creating genetic devices.

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Area of Science:

  • Synthetic Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Bioengineering

Background:

  • Modular DNA assembly techniques allow extensive exploration of genetic design space.
  • Manual assembly of complex DNA devices is time-consuming, error-prone, and costly.
  • High-throughput construction is essential for advancing synthetic biology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To automate the Modular Cloning (MoClo) DNA assembly technique using liquid-handling robotic platforms.
  • To develop a software tool for automated script generation for complex DNA assemblies.
  • To enable efficient, reproducible, and high-throughput construction of combinatorial DNA device libraries.

Main Methods:

  • Automation of the Type-IIS restriction endonuclease-based MoClo protocol on two liquid-handling robotic platforms.
  • Development of a web-based software tool (http://mocloassembly.com) for generating DNA device libraries from Genbank files.
  • Optimization of pipetting parameters and explicit programming for robotic liquid handling of DNA parts and reagents.

Main Results:

  • The automated workflow enables repeatable, high-throughput production of DNA devices.
  • Sequencing data indicate automated assembly reactions are approximately 95% correct.
  • Hands-on time for reaction preparation is reduced by up to 96% compared to manual methods.

Conclusions:

  • Automated DNA assembly using MoClo and robotic platforms significantly enhances efficiency and reproducibility.
  • The developed software tool and optimized protocols provide a foundation for automating modular cloning experiments.
  • This approach reduces human error and accelerates synthetic biology research.