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Related Concept Videos

Decision Making01:20

Decision Making

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Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
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Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not...
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Decision Making: P-value Method01:09

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The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
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Electrical Current01:10

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Electrical current is defined as the rate at which charge flows. When there is a large current present, such as that used to run a refrigerator, a large amount of charge moves through the wire in a small amount of time. If the current is small, such as that used to operate a handheld calculator, a small amount of charge moves through the circuit over a long period of time. The SI unit for current is the ampere (A), named for the French physicist André-Marie Ampère (1775–1836).
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Decision Making: Traditional Method01:14

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The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
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Substituents on the benzene ring that direct an incoming electrophile to undergo substitution at the meta position are called meta directors. All meta directors either have a positive charge on the atom directly bonded to the ring or a partial positive charge. These groups function by withdrawing electrons from the ring through inductive and resonance effects. Consider the carbocation intermediates formed upon the addition of an electrophile on nitrobenzene at the...
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Decision-making in addiction: Current knowledge, clinical implications and future directions.

William W Stoops1, David N Kearns2

  • 1Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, 1100 Veterans Drive, Medical Behavioral Science Building Room 140, Lexington, KY 40536-0086, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky College of Arts and Sciences, 110 Kastle Hall, Lexington, KY 40506-0044, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, 245 Fountain View Court, Lexington, KY 40509-1810, USA.

Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior
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PubMed
Summary

This special issue explores decision-making in addiction, covering diverse mechanisms and individual differences. Understanding these factors is crucial for developing effective, tailored addiction treatments.

Keywords:
addictiondecision-makingsubstance use disordertreatment

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • This special issue synthesizes current research on decision-making processes implicated in addiction.
  • It covers theoretical frameworks, modeling approaches, and the neurobiological underpinnings of addictive behaviors.

Discussion:

  • The collection examines pharmacological and behavioral mechanisms influencing choices in addiction.
  • It highlights the role of individual differences in susceptibility and response to addiction.

Key Insights:

  • Decision-making deficits are central to the development and maintenance of addiction.
  • Understanding the multifaceted nature of decision-making in addiction is essential for progress.

Outlook:

  • Future research should continue to integrate diverse methodologies to elucidate complex decision-making pathways.
  • Translational research is needed to develop personalized interventions for addiction treatment based on individual profiles.