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Related Concept Videos

Colloids03:22

Colloids

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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
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The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
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An idealized LC circuit of zero resistance can oscillate without any source of emf by shifting the energy stored in the circuit between the electric and magnetic fields. In such an LC circuit, if the capacitor contains a charge q before the switch is closed, then all the energy of the circuit is initially stored in the electric field of the capacitor. This energy is given by
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Forced Oscillations01:06

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When an oscillator is forced with a periodic driving force, the motion may seem chaotic. The motions of such oscillators are known as transients. After the transients die out, the oscillator reaches a steady state, where the motion is periodic, and the displacement is determined.
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In the real world, oscillations seldom follow true simple harmonic motion. A system that continues its motion indefinitely without losing its amplitude is termed undamped. However, friction of some sort usually dampens the motion, so it fades away or needs more force to continue. For example, a guitar string stops oscillating a few seconds after being plucked. Similarly, one must continually push a swing to keep a child swinging on a playground.
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Quantitative and Qualitative Examination of Particle-particle Interactions Using Colloidal Probe Nanoscopy
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The chimera state in colloidal phase oscillators with hydrodynamic interaction.

Evelyn Hamilton1, Nicolas Bruot2, Pietro Cicuta1

  • 1Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom.

Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.)
|January 1, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Researchers observed chimera states, where coherent and incoherent oscillators coexist, in a model of motile cilia. This finding suggests chimera states may emerge in systems with hydrodynamic interactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Complex Systems
  • Nonlinear Dynamics
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Chimera states represent a paradoxical coexistence of coherent and incoherent behavior within identical oscillator populations.
  • Previous studies have explored chimera states in various systems, but often lack a well-defined interaction metric.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the emergence of chimera states in driven non-linear oscillators coupled via hydrodynamic forces.
  • To analyze the dynamics and underlying mechanisms of chimera states in this specific physical system.

Main Methods:

  • Simulations of driven non-linear oscillators at low Reynolds number, interacting through hydrodynamic forces.
  • Analysis of emergent dynamics, symmetry properties related to the Oseen tensor, and comparison with Kuramoto phase oscillator models.

Main Results:

  • Concurrent incoherent and synchronized subsets (chimera states) were observed in small arrays of oscillators.
  • The simulated chimeras exhibited a 'breathing' dynamic, characteristic of interacting phase oscillators.
  • A clear connection was established between the chimera state, eigenstates of the Oseen tensor, and abstract Kuramoto models.

Conclusions:

  • The study demonstrates that chimera states can arise in systems with well-defined hydrodynamic interactions.
  • The findings suggest that chimera states are likely to be observed in experimental setups involving oscillators coupled by hydrodynamic forces.