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Related Concept Videos

Pulse01:16

Pulse

2.2K
When the heart pumps blood out, arterial elastic fibers play a crucial role in sustaining a high-pressure gradient. They expand to accommodate the received blood and then recoil - a process known as the pulse that can be either manually palpated or electronically quantified. Despite a reduction in its effect with increased distance from the heart, elements of the pulse's systolic and diastolic components persist, observable even at the arteriole level.
The pulse serves as a clinical...
2.2K
Pulse01:05

Pulse

4.2K
The pulse is one of the most fundamental physiological indicators of the body's cardiovascular health. It is the rhythmic expansion and contraction of the arterial walls in response to the pressure generated by the heart's pumping action.
Pulse Rate and its Significance
Pulse rate, often measured in beats per minute (bpm), reflects the heart rate (HR), which is influenced by numerous factors such as stress, physical activity, and hormonal changes. A normal resting adult pulse rate falls...
4.2K
NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

1.8K
A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
1.8K
Pulse Oximetry01:24

Pulse Oximetry

1.4K
Pulse oximetry, or SpO2, is a non-invasive method for continuously monitoring arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2). This procedure involves attaching a probe or sensor to the patient's fingertip, forehead, earlobe, or nose bridge. The sensor works by detecting changes in oxygen saturation levels through light signals generated by the oximeter and reflected by the pulsing blood under the probe.
Purpose
Average SpO2 values are greater than 95%. If the readings fall below 90%, it indicates that...
1.4K
Regulation of Pulse01:20

Regulation of Pulse

2.3K
Pulse regulation involves physiological mechanisms that ensure adequate blood flow throughout the body. The heartbeat, regulated by the autonomic nervous system, is influenced by hormonal balance, physical activity, and emotional state.
2.3K
Pulse rhythm01:30

Pulse rhythm

1.4K
Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac...
1.4K

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Investigation of Early Plasma Evolution Induced by Ultrashort Laser Pulses
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Pulse stretcher with two beamsplitting elements for excimer laser pulses.

Qiang Wang1, Yanling Han1, Cunding Liu1

  • 1Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangliu, Chengdu 610209, China.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
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This study introduces an improved pulse stretcher using two beamsplitters and an optical ring cavity. The new design significantly reduces peak power and enhances the temporal profile of stretched laser pulses.

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Laser Technology
  • Ultrafast Science

Background:

  • High peak power in laser pulses can lead to nonlinear effects and material damage.
  • Efficient pulse stretching is crucial for applications requiring lower peak intensities and longer pulse durations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and experimentally validate a novel pulse stretcher design.
  • To improve the temporal and spatial profiles of stretched laser pulses.
  • To reduce the transient peak power of laser pulses.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a two-beamsplitting element configuration.
  • Incorporating an optical ring cavity with optimized concave mirrors.
  • Experimentally testing the pulse stretcher with a 193 nm excimer laser.

Main Results:

  • Extended pulse width from 15.5 ns to 46.2 ns (stretching ratio of 2.89).
  • Reduced transient peak power to 27% of the input pulse.
  • Achieved an energy transmission efficiency of 87.8%.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed two-beamsplitting element pulse stretcher effectively improves pulse profiles and reduces peak power.
  • Optimized cavity design maintains a nearly unchanged spatial profile.
  • The system demonstrates high efficiency for laser pulse stretching applications.