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ABO blood group is a cardiovascular risk factor in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia

Martine Paquette1, Robert Dufour2, Alexis Baass3

  • 1Nutrition, Metabolism and Atherosclerosis Clinic, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Québec, Canada.

Journal of Clinical Lipidology
|January 2, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Individuals with non-O blood groups have double the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) patients. This finding highlights ABO blood type as a novel CVD risk factor in FH, aiding in patient risk stratification.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics and cardiovascular medicine
  • Atherosclerosis research
  • Monogenic disease epidemiology

Background:

  • Observational studies link ABO blood groups to cardiovascular disease (CVD).
  • Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) accelerates atherosclerotic plaque development.
  • The impact of ABO blood group on CVD risk in FH patients remains unstudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between ABO blood group and CVD risk in patients with FH.
  • To determine if ABO blood type serves as an independent risk factor for CVD in FH.

Main Methods:

  • Included 668 adult subjects with heterozygous FH-causing mutations in the LDLR gene.
  • Determined ABO blood group using single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs8176719 and rs8176746) in the ABO gene.
  • Analyzed CVD prevalence and events in relation to ABO blood groups, adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Non-O blood group subjects had significantly higher total cholesterol levels compared to O group carriers.
  • A higher proportion of non-O blood group individuals were observed in patients with CVD (73.4%) versus those without (63.3%).
  • The non-O blood group was independently associated with a 2.14-fold increased prevalence of CVD (P=.005) and more CVD events per individual (P=.008).

Conclusions:

  • Non-O blood groups are linked to an independent, twofold increased risk of CVD in FH patients.
  • ABO blood group emerges as a novel CVD risk factor in FH.
  • ABO blood type can potentially be used for enhanced CVD risk stratification in FH populations.
Abstract

Keywords:
ABOBlood groupCardiovascular diseaseFamilial hypercholesterolemiaTotal cholesterol

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